我們知道m(xù)ake sure (that) 所后接的從句通常使用一般現(xiàn)在時,當然也可以看到其他類型的時態(tài)使用的具體實例。
(這里除考慮make sure的現(xiàn)在時態(tài)之外,也羅列出made sure (that)之后的時態(tài))
下面是筆者查知的make sure (that)后面可以后接以下的時態(tài):
第1種形式:一般現(xiàn)在時
第2種形式:現(xiàn)在完成時
第3種形式:現(xiàn)在進行時
第4種形式:一般將來時
第5種形式:過去將來時(made sure (that) 時態(tài))
第6種形式:一般過去時
第1種形式:一般現(xiàn)在時(這是最常見的,也是目前中高考考試的一個“標準”)
《朗文當代高級英語辭典》第五版第2559頁sure詞條2:
First, make sure the printer has enough paper in it. 首先,確保打印機里有足夠的紙張。
《牛津英語搭配詞典》第1544頁sure詞條:make sure確保:
Make sure no one finds out about this. 要確保沒人發(fā)現(xiàn)此事。
《現(xiàn)代英語用法詞典》(修訂版)第898頁make sure [certain]詞條:
make sure跟從句,表示“確定”,“一定要做到”,“使有把握”:
Make sure the students understand the sentences.
《文馨當代英漢詞典》第1812頁sure詞條make sure:
make sure (1): 確定;查明;事先安排好:
You had better make sure which is your carriage. 你最好弄清楚你在哪一個車廂。
《現(xiàn)代英語用法詞典》(修訂版)第1553頁sure詞條
make sure確保,設(shè)法保證:跟從句:
I will make sure that the letter leaves tonight.
Please make sure that the house is properly locked.
Father makes sure that all the lights are off before he goes to bed.
《柯林斯COBUILD英漢雙解詞典》第1974頁sure詞條1
詞條7.2 make sure務(wù)必(做成某事);確保(某事得以完成)
Ask for a receipt and make sure that you get it.
向他們要一張收據(jù),一定要把收據(jù)拿到手。
We try and make sure that they see each other’s work.
我們一定要保證讓他們看到彼此所做的工作。
《英語詞語用法詳解詞典》第896頁sure詞條14.
make sure后的that從句習慣上用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來時間。例如:
Please make sure that the house is properly locked. 請一定把房子鎖好。
Make sure (that) they do not escape. 當心不要讓他們逃跑了。
I can make sure that she is taken good care of. 我可以保證使她得到很好的照顧。
I think he’s coming today but I’ll telephone to make sure that he is.
我想他今天是會來的,但我要打電話去確認一下。
第2種形式:現(xiàn)在完成時
《現(xiàn)代英語用法詞典》(修訂版)第1553頁sure詞條
make sure確保,設(shè)法保證:(1)跟從句:
Make sure that you haven’t forgotten to pack everything you’re likely to need.
Have you made sure that the train has not already left?
第3種形式:現(xiàn)在進行時
《朗文當代高級英語辭典》第五版第1328頁into詞條5:
Make sure you’re speaking directly into the microphone. 說話時一定要對準話筒。
《現(xiàn)代英語用法詞典》(修訂版)第1553頁sure詞條make sure確保,設(shè)法保證:
He looked behind him to make sure he was not being followed.
2014年高考英語,浙江卷閱讀理解“六選五”第4自然段63空(段落):
________ Return anything that you borrow from a neighbor, such as tools, in good repair and as soon as you’re finished with them. Replace anything that belongs to your neighbor that you, your children, or your pets break or soil. Make sure that your car is not blocking their doorway. Such random acts of consideration will have your neighbors talking—and the talk will be good.
第4種形式:一般將來時(高考英語真題多次使用這種時態(tài))
《牛津英語搭配詞典》第1544頁sure詞條:make sb sure使某人確信:
What makes you so sure she’ll come back to you?
你為什么如此確信她會回到你身邊?
《英語詞語用法詳解詞典》第896頁sure詞條14.
make sure后的that從句習慣上用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來時間。
注:一般來說,make sure后的that從句中習慣上用一般時代替將來時,但這并不絕對,有時也可以用將來時。例如:
Please make sure that there will be enough light and heat.
請確保有足夠的燈光和暖氣。
第5種形式:過去將來時
——這里特別提出made sure (that) 主語 would do sth
make sure的過去時態(tài)made sure (that),通常指錯誤地——確信。
《英語搭配大辭典》第1700頁sure詞條sure that從句:
They made sure that they wouldn’t miss what they regarded as the highlights of their trip.
《文馨當代英漢詞典》第1812頁sure詞條make sure (2) 確信:
I made sure she would consent, and she didn’t.
我本來確信她會答應(yīng),而她卻沒有答應(yīng)。
《牛津英語搭配詞典》第1544頁sure詞條:make sb sure使某人確信:
To make doubly sure they would not be disturbed she turned the key in the lock.
她用鑰匙開門,以進一步確保不會打擾他們。
《最新高級英漢詞典》(修訂版大字本)第1181頁sure詞條make sure 2)確信:
I made sure he would be there. 我確信他會來這里。
I made sure it would rain, but it didn’t. 我還以為天要下雨,結(jié)果卻沒下。
張伯然《新時代英漢大詞典》第2367頁sure詞條
make sure 2 [用過去時態(tài)](常指錯誤地)確信:
I made sure he would help me, but I was disappointed.
我滿以為他會幫我忙的,但我失望了。
《英語詞語用法詳解詞典》第896頁sure詞條14.
make sure后的that從句習慣上用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來時間。
注:一般來說,make sure后的that從句中習慣上用一般時代替將來時,但這并不絕對,有時也可以用將來時。例如:
I made sure he would be here. 我確信他會來這里。
I made sure that I would get the job, but it was given to someone else.
我曾經(jīng)確信我會得到那份工作,可是它卻給了別人。
第6種形式:一般過去時
《朗文當代英語大辭典》第1773頁sure詞條6
make sure of something that:
a: to find out if something is certainly true查明,弄確實
I think I locked the door, but I’ll just go back and make sure (of it/ that I did).
我想我是鎖了門,但我還是回去查看一下吧。
(例證不多,但非??尚牛?/p>
2016年9月28日記(謝謝關(guān)注,共同進步)