1、After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town.
1). after引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句。主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過去”(drove), 而從句的動(dòng)作又發(fā)生在主句的動(dòng)作之前，也就是“過去的過去”，因而，從句要用過去完成時(shí)(had left)。
2). drive on 繼續(xù)開往。（on加在動(dòng)詞的后面表示繼續(xù)） drive to sp. 開車去某地
My heart will go on. 《我心永恒》 talk on 繼續(xù)講
3). 方位介詞in; on; to。
in表示包含關(guān)系：(在內(nèi)部)；on表示相鄰關(guān)系：(強(qiáng)調(diào)“接壤”)；to表示相隔關(guān)系：(在外部）
?Taiwan is the east of Fujian. 臺(tái)灣在福建的東方。(臺(tái)灣與福建隔海相望)
?Taiwan is the east of China. 臺(tái)灣在中國(guó)的東面。(臺(tái)灣是屬于中國(guó)的一部分)
?India is the south of China. 印度在中國(guó)的南面。(印度與中國(guó)接壤，是中國(guó)的鄰國(guó)。)
④( )China lies ____ the east of Asia and ___ the north of Australia.
A. to; to B. in; to C. to; in D. in; on
2、On the way, a young man waved to me.
on the way在路上/途中；on the/one’s way to sp.在去某地的路上；all the way (路上)一直；
by the way 順便說； in the way 攔路； in a / some way 在某種意義上；(in) this way 用這種方式；
①Her social life got of her studies.(她的社會(huì)活動(dòng)妨礙了她的學(xué)習(xí)。)
②Let's wait a few moments. He's .(咱們等一會(huì)兒，他正在路上。[快到了])
③ , has everybody arrived？(附帶問一句，大家是否都到了？)
④ ，he was right.(在某個(gè)意義上說，他是對(duì)的。)
⑤They drove from Beijing to Maoming.他們一路上從北京開車來到茂名。
3、As soon as he had got into the car, I said ... to him in French and … in the same language.
1). as soon as 一......就......，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句, 兩個(gè)動(dòng)作接連進(jìn)行，“一” 后的動(dòng)作略先發(fā)生。
?As soon as I (enter) the room, I took off my coat at once.
as soon as也常用于【主將從現(xiàn)】當(dāng)中。
?You must call me as soon as you (arrive). 你一到就打我電話。
?I (tell) her as soon as she comes back.
2).in+語言/嗓音：表示“用某種語言/嗓音”?！咀⒁猓?span style="Times New Roman';">say sth. in+語言； speak+語言】。
?( ) I speak English. A. in B. × C. with D. by
?( ) I say a word Chinese. A. in B. × C. with D. by
【拓展】“用”的幾種常用表達(dá)法：with+工具/手段； by+交通工具
③( )The boy bought some books the money he has saved.
A. with B. in C. by D. for
④( )What’s this English? --- It’s called whiteboard.
A. with B. in C. by D. on
⑤( )Don’t write a pencil, you must write ink.
A. by; with B. in; for C. with; in D. on; with
⑥( )We usually go train, and we always go there the 8:00 a.m. train.
A. by; with B. on; by C. with; in D. by; on
4、Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all.
1) apart from“除...之外”。根據(jù)上、下文的不同，它既可作 besides,也可作except和except for。
例如: ①Apart from them, I had no one to talk to.（= ）除了他們以外，我沒有人說話。
②Apart from other considerations, time is also a factor. (= ）除了別的考慮外，時(shí)間也是一個(gè)因素。
③It is good work apart from a few slight faults. (= ）除了幾個(gè)小毛病以外，這是一篇佳作。
2) besides表示“除......以外,(還/也......)”，相當(dāng)于 . 例如:
?Besides English, they also study math, physics and chemistry.除英語以外,他們還學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)，物理和化學(xué)。
= English, they also study math, physics and chemistry.
?In addition (to the names on the list) there are six other students. 除(名單上的名字)外，還有......
【注】in addition to后面接名詞或代詞，后面沒有名詞或代詞時(shí)，就只用in addition。
3) except 表示“除…外,(其余都…)”，常與all，every，no, none, nothing 等含有整體肯定或否定
意義的詞連用。
except 是英語中少數(shù)用法最為活躍的介詞之一, 其后除了可跟名(/代)詞外，還可跟另一介詞
短語、動(dòng)詞不定式短語或 that 引導(dǎo)的從句 。例如:
①He answered all the questions except the last one.除最后一個(gè)問題( )外，所有的問題他都回答了。
②I went nowhere except (stay) at the library. 除呆在圖書館以外，我哪兒都沒有去。
試比較:
③We all went except him. 除了他( )以外,我們都去了。
④Three others also went besides him. 除了他( )以外，還去了三個(gè)人。
【特別注意】except, but前的主句中只要有do(含相關(guān)詞形)，則其后接不帶to的不定式。例如：
①He did nothing there except (watch)TV for the whole night. 他整晚除了看電視，啥也沒做。
②Last night I did nothing but (prepare) my lessons. 我昨晚什么也沒做，只是在準(zhǔn)備功課。
若主句謂語動(dòng)詞不是do，而是其它如have, be等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，except, but后面的動(dòng)詞要加to. 例如：
③It had no effect except (make) him angry. 除了令他生氣之外，它沒什么效果。
④I had no choice but (stay) in bed. 我只有呆在床上，沒什么選擇。
[注]except for也表示“除......以外”，但是和except不同:
與except連用的整體詞和except所跟的詞常常是 的，是指整體除去一部份;
與except for連用的整體詞與except for所跟的詞往往是 的，是指整體中除去一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)。如:⑤Your composition is good (except for; except )a few spelling mistakes.
除了幾處拼寫錯(cuò)誤外，你的作文寫得很好。
⑥ (Except for; Except ) an old lady, the bus was empty.
除了有一個(gè)老太太以外， 這輛公共汽車是空的。
5、I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, ..."Do you speak English?”
nearly 將要，when這里譯為“就在此時(shí)”
reach:1).到達(dá)，抵達(dá)；同義詞: ;
2). 伸手夠到?！咀⒁狻勘磉_(dá)這種意思的時(shí)候，不能換用arrive(in/at)或get to
Your letter reached (/arrived at ) me this morning.
①Can you (arrive at; get to; reach) the top shelf? 你(的手)能夠到那最高的架子嗎?
【注意】arrive是瞬間動(dòng)詞，不與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。
②They have arrived here for three days. ( × ) 應(yīng)改為：
They here three days . 或：They here for three days.
③What time does the train (到達(dá)) Maoming Station?
【注意】沒有“地點(diǎn)”的到達(dá)，只能用arrive。
④When will she (arrive ; arrive at; get to; get; reach ) tomorrow?
⑤( )※She the 12:00 train.
A. reached; by B. arrived; at C. got; to D. arrived; on
6、As I soon learnt, he was English himself!'
①learn 在此表示“ ”； 比較：I know 我(本來就)知道
②As+主語+動(dòng)詞+從句“正如......”：（As my mother said/As I heard/ As I learnt）
正如我們所知......：As we know, the New Concept English is very good.
③himself反身代詞單獨(dú)放在句尾, 起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用：I read English myself.
Key Structures ：過去完成時(shí)(The simple past perfect tense)
過去完成時(shí)由 had+ 過去分詞構(gòu)成，它表示過去某時(shí)或某動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或情況，即“較早的過去”或“過去的過去”。
在用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子中，常用的連詞when, after, as soon as, until, by that time等：
①When I woke up this morning, she (have)her breakfast already.
②After he (say) goodbye to us all, Captain Alison started his journey.
當(dāng)艾利森船長(zhǎng)和我們大家都道了別之后，他就啟程了。
③---Did you really ring the police? 你真的給警方打電話了？
---It was a mistake. I realized it as soon as I (ring) them.
我犯了個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。剛給他們打完電話我就意識(shí)到了。
④I didn't know that she was a famous actress until you (tell) me.
直到你告訴我時(shí)我才知道她是位名演員。
常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的副詞如already, just, never, never…before也常與過去完成時(shí)連用，以強(qiáng)調(diào)事件發(fā)生的先后次序：
⑤The boys loved the zoo. They (never see) wild animals before.
男孩們喜歡動(dòng)物園，以前他們從沒見過野獸。
在有些用過去完成時(shí)的句子中沒有明確的時(shí)間狀語，但通過上下文可以看出動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后：
⑥The bus finally came. I (wait) for 40 minutes. 公交車終于來了。我已經(jīng)等了40分鐘。
【Special Difficulties】
一、ask與ask for：
ask v. 問，詢問: ask a question/ask sb.
請(qǐng)求，要求: They asked Tony to sing a song.
邀請(qǐng):They asked her to spend the weekend with them.
ask for 要(求某樣?xùn)|西): ask for the answer; ask for help.
二、except, except for，apart from 與but.
1. 三者都表示“除......以外”，有時(shí)可以互換，但except不用于句首。
2. apart from習(xí)慣上放句首。apart from=except/besides 如果認(rèn)為整體之中做這件事情的人除了整
體之外，這個(gè)人也做了（包括），是加號(hào)=besides；如果認(rèn)為整體之中做這件事情的人除了整體之
外，這個(gè)人沒有做（排除），是減號(hào)=except；
3. 如果放在句首，統(tǒng)一用apart from代替except/besides 。
4. except for含有對(duì)整體中的某一個(gè)方面不滿意，except for 可以不放在句首, 強(qiáng)調(diào)整體當(dāng)中某一方
面除外, 剩下的整體都不錯(cuò) Except for his height, he is very excellent.
5. but除了：常與no one, none, nothing, all, everyone, who等詞連用。
三、which of，either of，neither of與both of : 這些短語都可用于指兩個(gè)人或兩件事。
either of 兩者當(dāng)中的任何一個(gè)；neither of 兩者都不；which of 哪一個(gè)； both of 兩者都。
1. 當(dāng)詢問在兩個(gè)或更多的人或事物中偏愛哪一個(gè)或選擇哪一個(gè)時(shí)，可用which ：
I like both of these bags. Which of the two do you prefer?
2. either與neither都是對(duì)兩個(gè)人或物而言（后接單數(shù)名詞）。
either指one or the other（不是這個(gè)就是那個(gè)），
either和neither后跟of時(shí)則指兩個(gè)事物中的每一個(gè)
either of sb. 兩人當(dāng)中的任何一個(gè)； neither of sb. 兩人當(dāng)中的任何一個(gè)都不
3. both只指兩個(gè)人或物。當(dāng)它用在名詞前時(shí)，of 可有可無；當(dāng)用在代詞前面時(shí)，其后必須加of ：
Both (of the ) books are interesting. Both of us/them left early.
【比較】none of：三者或三者以上之間都不
即時(shí)練：在下列各句中填上合適的“除......外”。
1. his nose, he is quite good-looking.
2. I'm a good boy my inexperience(缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)).
3. Your composition is good some spelling mistakes.
4. his right arm, he broke his two legs, too.
5. I invited everyone to my party John. 除了(沒邀請(qǐng))約翰，我邀請(qǐng)了大家來參加我的宴會(huì)。
6. I invited everyone to my party John. 除(邀請(qǐng)了)約翰外，我還邀請(qǐng)了每個(gè)人來參加我的宴會(huì)。
7. 5 pence, I have nothing about me. 除掉5分錢之外，我什么都沒有。
8. I haven't told anybody you.
9. Who a fool would do such a thing?
10. You'll have nobody yourself to blame. 除了你自己外，沒有人該受你責(zé)備。
11. a slight headache, I feel all right now.(Except / Except for)
12. I like them very much so I bought them.(neither of / both of)
13. being a bit too long, the play was very good.(Except / Apart from)
14. I a question. I did not ask for an answer.(asked / asked for)
15. He could not answer the questions I .(neither of / either of, asked / asked for)
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