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益智類APP經(jīng)常宣傳可以在歡樂愉快的游戲中使用戶大腦得到鍛煉，并激活大腦深層沉睡的認(rèn)知能力。但是，面對五花八門的廣告，人們不禁要問：游戲真能益智嗎？Do Brain Games Really Work?
“益智”小游戲，真益智嗎？
①You've probably seen ads for apps promising to make you smarter in just a few minutes a day. ②Hundreds of so-called 'brain training' programs can be purchased for download.
①你很可能看見過App的廣告，說每天用上幾分鐘，就能讓你變得更聰明。②成百上千的所謂“大腦訓(xùn)練”軟件可以付費(fèi)下載。
③These simple games are designed to challenge mental abilities, with the ultimate goal of improving the performance of important everyday tasks.
③這些簡單的游戲是為了挑戰(zhàn)思考能力設(shè)計的，終極目標(biāo)是改善在日常重要任務(wù)中的表現(xiàn)。
④But can just clicking away at animations of swimming fish or flashed streets signs on your phone really help you improve the way your brain functions?
④但是僅僅在手機(jī)上點擊游泳的魚的動畫或者閃爍的路標(biāo)真的能幫助你改善大腦運(yùn)行的方式嗎？
⑤Two large groups of scientists and mental health practitioners published consensus statements, months apart in 2014, on the effectiveness of these kinds of brain games.
⑤兩組科學(xué)家和精神健康從業(yè)者在2014年間隔幾月分別出版了有關(guān)此類益智游戲的有效性的共識聲明。
【BGM】Whispering Still
(by Charity Children)
【句讀精講】
Do Brain Games Really Work?
“益智”小游戲，真益智嗎？
①You've probably seen ads for apps promising to make you smarter in just a few minutes a day. ②Hundreds of so-called 'brain training' programs can be purchased for download.
①你很可能看見過App的廣告，說每天用上幾分鐘，就能讓你變得更聰明。②成百上千的所謂“大腦訓(xùn)練”軟件可以付費(fèi)下載。
③These simple games are designed to challenge mental abilities, with the ultimate goal of improving the performance of important everyday tasks.
③這些簡單的游戲是為了挑戰(zhàn)思考能力設(shè)計的，終極目標(biāo)是改善在日常重要任務(wù)中的表現(xiàn)。
ultimate
英 [??lt?m?t] 美 [??lt?m?t]
adj.最后的； 極限的； 首要的； 最大的
n.終極； 頂點； 基本原理； 基本事實
【英】You use ultimate to describe the final result or aim of a long series of events. 最后的；最終的
【例】The ultimate aim is to expand the network further.
最終目的是為了進(jìn)一步拓展該網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
【例】He said it is still not possible to predict the ultimate outcome.
他說現(xiàn)在還無法預(yù)料最終的結(jié)局。
【原】Doctors ultimately attributed this to chronic sleep deprivation and over-consumption of caffeine. (美音)
醫(yī)生最終將此歸因于長期睡眠不足和過度攝入咖啡因。
④But can just clicking away at animations of swimming fish or flashed streets signs on your phone really help you improve the way your brain functions?
④但是僅僅在手機(jī)上點擊游泳的魚的動畫或者閃爍的路標(biāo)真的能幫助你改善大腦運(yùn)行的方式嗎？
animation
英 [??n??me??n] 美 [??n??me??n]
n.生氣，活潑； 動畫片制作，動畫片攝制； [影視]動畫片
【英】Animation is the process of making films in which drawings or puppets appear to move. 動畫片繪制；卡通片制作
【例】The films are a mix of animation and full-length features.
這些電影將動畫制作和長篇故事片融為一體。
【例】computer animation:電腦動畫制作
function
英 [?f??k?n] 美 [?f??k??n]
n.功能，作用； 應(yīng)變量，函數(shù)； 職務(wù)； 重大聚會
vi.有或起作用； 行使職責(zé)
【英】If a machine or system is functioning, it is working or operating. 工作；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；運(yùn)行
【例】The authorities say the prison is now functioning normally.
當(dāng)局稱監(jiān)獄現(xiàn)在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常。
【例】Conservation programs cannot function without local support.
沒有地方的支持，自然環(huán)境保護(hù)項目就無法運(yùn)作。
⑤Two large groups of scientists and mental health practitioners published consensus statements, months apart in 2014, on the effectiveness of these kinds of brain games.
⑤兩組科學(xué)家和精神健康從業(yè)者在2014年間隔幾月分別出版了有關(guān)此類益智游戲的有效性的共識聲明。
practitioner
英 [pr?k?t???n?(r)] 美 [pr?k?t???n?]
n.從業(yè)者； 執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)生； 習(xí)藝者； 專門人才
【英】Doctors are sometimes referred to as practitioners or medical practitioners .執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)生
【例】She was trained as a nurse practitioner.
她接受培訓(xùn)，成為了一名執(zhí)業(yè)護(hù)士。
consensus
英 [k?n?sens?s] 美 [k?n?s?ns?s]
n.一致； 輿論； 一致同意，合意
【英】A consensus is general agreement among a group of people. 一致看法；共識
【例】The consensus amongst the world's scientists is that the world is likely to warm up over the next few decades.
世界各國科學(xué)家一致認(rèn)為在未來幾十年里地球有可能變暖。
【例】I realize there's no consensus on what are male or female values.
我意識到人們對什么是男性價值觀和什么是女性價值觀并無共識。
【原】Other biologists, linguists and psychologists have probed the same question and have reached little consensus. (The Economist / 英音)
雖然其他各路生物學(xué)家、語言學(xué)家和心理學(xué)家也一直在探尋這個問題，卻并沒有達(dá)成多少共識。⑥Both included people with years of research experience and expertise in cognition, learning, skill acquisition, neuroscience and dementia. ⑦Both groups carefully considered the same body of evidence available at the time.
⑥兩項聲明都包括了在認(rèn)知、學(xué)習(xí)、技能習(xí)得、神經(jīng)科學(xué)和癡呆方面的有數(shù)年研究經(jīng)驗的人員。⑦兩組也都仔細(xì)考慮了當(dāng)時可以獲取的同樣的大批證據(jù)。
英 [??kw??z??n] 美 [??kw??z???n]【英】The acquisition of a skill or a particular type of knowledge is the process of learning it or developing it. （知識、技能等的）獲得，習(xí)得【例】language acquisition:語言習(xí)得neuroscience
英 [?nj??r??sa??ns] 美 [?n?ro?sa??ns]
n.神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)（指神經(jīng)病學(xué)、神經(jīng)化學(xué)等）
【英】The Department has a strong bias towards neuroscience.
這個系特別偏重神經(jīng)科學(xué)。
【例】Computational neuroscience proposes certain proof for algorithmism cognition theory.
計算神經(jīng)科學(xué)為計算主義認(rèn)知觀提供了一定的證據(jù)。
dementia
英 [d??men??] 美 [d??m?n??]
n.[醫(yī)]癡呆
【英】Dementia is a serious illness of the mind. 癡呆
【例】What exactly goes wrong with those suffering from senile dementia?
那些患老年癡呆癥的人到底出了什么問題？
【例】Within the umbrella term 'dementia' there are many different kinds of disease.
“癡呆”這一統(tǒng)稱里包括多種不同的疾病。
⑧Yet, they issued exactly opposite statements.
⑧是的，他們發(fā)布了完全相反的聲明。
opposite
英 [??p?z?t] 美 [?ɑp?z?t]
adj.相對的；對面的；對立的；[數(shù)學(xué)]（頂、邊等）對的
prep.（表示位置）在…的對面；[數(shù)學(xué)]（頂、邊等）對的；與…在一排；（表示方式）與…聯(lián)合主演
adv.在對面，對過
n.對立面，對立物，相反的人[事物]
【英】Opposite is used to describe things of the same kind which are completely different in a particular way. For example, north and south are opposite directions, and winning and losing are opposite results in a game. （同一類事物）截然相反的，全然不同的
【例】The argument contained herein takes exactly the opposite point of view.
本文所持的論點恰恰是站在相反的立場。
⑨One concluded that 'there is little evidence that playing brain games improves underlying broad cognitive abilities, or that it enables one to better navigate a complex realm of everyday life.'
⑨一項聲明得出結(jié)論，“幾乎沒有證據(jù)可以表明玩益智游戲能改善潛在的廣闊認(rèn)知能力，或者能讓一個人更好地應(yīng)對日常生活的復(fù)雜情況。
英 [??nd??la???] 美 [??nd?r?la???]adj.潛在的，含蓄的；基礎(chǔ)的；表面下的，下層的；[法]優(yōu)先的v.優(yōu)先于(underlie的ing形式)；構(gòu)成…的基礎(chǔ)（或起因），引起【英】The underlying features of an object, event, or situation are not obvious, and it may be difficult to discover or reveal them. 潛在的；隱藏的；深層的；根本的【例】I think that the underlying problem is education, unemployment and bad housing.我認(rèn)為深層的問題在于教育、失業(yè)和糟糕的住房條件。【例】To stop a problem you have to understand its underlying causes.要想杜絕問題的發(fā)生，必須弄清它的深層原因。英 [?k?gn?t?v] 美 [?kɑgn?t?v]【英】Cognitive means relating to the mental process involved in knowing, learning, and understanding things. 認(rèn)識過程的；認(rèn)知的【例】As children grow older, their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子們越長越大，他們的認(rèn)知過程變得更為敏銳。⑩The other argued that 'a substantial and growing body of evidence shows that certain cognitive training regimens can significantly improve cognitive function, including in ways that generalize to everyday life.'
⑩另一項則稱“大量的、越來越多的證據(jù)顯示，某些認(rèn)知訓(xùn)練法能顯著改善認(rèn)知功能，包括了可以推廣至日常生活的方式。
substantial
英 [s?b?st?n?l] 美 [s?b?st?n??l]
adj.大量的；結(jié)實的，牢固的；重大的
n.本質(zhì)；重要材料
【英】Substantial means large in amount or degree. 大量的；相當(dāng)程度的；重大的
【例】That is a very substantial improvement in the present situation.
在當(dāng)前形勢下這是一個非常巨大的進(jìn)步。
【例】The party has just lost office and with it a substantial number of seats.
該黨剛剛競選失利，同時還失去了許多席位。
regimen
英 [?red??m?n] 美 [?r?d??m?n, -?m?n]
n.（為病人規(guī)定的）生活規(guī)則，養(yǎng)生法；養(yǎng)生之道
【英】A regimen is a set of rules about food and exercise that some people follow in order to stay healthy. 養(yǎng)生法
【例】Whatever regimen has been prescribed should be rigorously followed.
不管制訂的是什么樣的養(yǎng)生計劃，都要嚴(yán)格遵守。
?Brain training programs are an appealing shortcut, a 'get smart quick' scheme. ?But improving or maintaining cognition is likely not going to be quick and easy. ?Instead, it may require a lifetime – or at least an extended period – of cognitive challenge and learning. (LiveScience)
?大腦訓(xùn)練軟件是很具有吸引力的捷徑，一個“快速變聰明”的計劃。?但是改善或者維持認(rèn)知很可能不會快速便捷。?相反，認(rèn)知能力的挑戰(zhàn)和學(xué)習(xí)可能需要一生的時間，或者至少一個延長的周期。
v.（迫切）要求(appeal的現(xiàn)在分詞)； 將…上訴【英】Someone or something that is appealing is pleasing and attractive. 有吸引力的；有趣的；動人的【例】That's a very appealing idea.【例】There was a sense of humour to what he did that I found very appealing.【結(jié)語】
人們總會把自己的“癮”合理化，從而讓自己的心里好受一些。如果你自己找不到好理由，那商家就會幫你找。
陳昊
2019.8.12
在節(jié)目《畢業(yè)生心中最具吸引力雇主是誰？》的最后給大家留下的思考題是：你認(rèn)為目前應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生的起薪算高嗎？為什么？
本期思考題：
推薦一款你喜歡的游戲吧（如果不是手機(jī)游戲的話，標(biāo)注好平臺哦~）
恭喜【學(xué)】同學(xué)獲得我們贈送的1個月英語曰曰曰會員服務(wù)。歡迎在【英語曰曰曰】公眾號對應(yīng)的文章評論區(qū)留下你的思考（注，不是在會員版的評論區(qū)。長按結(jié)尾藍(lán)色“言有物，行有恒”圖片，識別圖中二維碼，直接進(jìn)入英語曰曰曰公眾號），同時也感謝所有同學(xué)的評論，期待下次你的留言上榜。
【10個讓你一周內(nèi)變得更聰明的大腦訓(xùn)練法！】
