英語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的用法大全
結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的從句是用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的結(jié)果的,一般位于主句之后。
常用來(lái)連接結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有:so that、so...that...、such...that...等。
so that既可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句(表示“為了,以便”), 也可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句(表示“因此,以至于”)。
當(dāng)連接目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),一般that從句中會(huì)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,而當(dāng)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),大多不用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。如:
目的狀語(yǔ)從句:I always get up early so that I can catch the first bus. (我總是早起,以便能夠趕上首班車。)
結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句:I got up early, so that I caught the first bus. (我早早就起床了,結(jié)果趕上了首班車。)
so...that...表示“如此...,以至于...”,so后面接形容詞或副詞。
He was so ill that two nurses attended on him. (他病得那樣重,有兩個(gè)護(hù)士照顧他。 )
The room was so hot that she felt dizzy. (房間里如此之熱,以至于她覺得頭暈?zāi)垦?。?/span>
He spoke so clearly that I could hear every word. (他講得非常清楚,每個(gè)字我都聽得見。)
They sat so close that their heads nearly touched. (他們坐得那么近,頭都差不多碰到一起了。)
與so...that...不同的是,such...that...中的such后接的是名詞。其常見的結(jié)構(gòu)用法有:
He's such a good swimmer that he makes me look sick. (他游得這么好,真叫我相形見絀。)
Her husband is such a bear that nobody likes him. (她丈夫很粗暴,沒人喜歡他。)
此時(shí),such...that...可以用so...that...來(lái)替換,其結(jié)構(gòu)為:so+形容詞+不定冠詞+名詞+that。如以上第一句話就可以改為:
He's so good a swimmer that he makes me look sick.
但是,如果該名詞沒有被形容詞修飾,則不可以改為so...that...。如上面的第二句就不可以改。以下第2和第3種情況也不能改為so...that...的用法。
He told us such funny stories that we all laughed. (他對(duì)我們講了那么些有趣的故事,我們?nèi)脊笮?。?/span>
It is such terrible weather that it is absurd to go out. (在這么惡劣的天氣里出去太荒唐。)
so與表示數(shù)量的代詞many、 few、much、little等連用是常見固定搭配, 不能換用such的對(duì)應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)。
many/few有時(shí)作定語(yǔ),后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,但有時(shí)直接用作表語(yǔ),后面不再接其他成分。如:
They asked so many questions that they confused me. (他們問了許許多多問題,把我弄糊涂了。)
The butterflies are so many that they often cover entire trees . (蝴蝶數(shù)量多的時(shí)候,它們經(jīng)常會(huì)遍布整片樹林。)
He has so few friends that his life is lonely. (他的朋友很少,因此他的生活非常孤單。)
The members are so few that we can't start the project. (成員太少,因此我們無(wú)法啟動(dòng)該計(jì)劃。)
與many/few一樣,much/little有時(shí)作定語(yǔ),后接不可數(shù)名詞,但有時(shí)直接用作表語(yǔ),后面不再接其他成分。如:
She wore so much jewellery that she seemed to be covered in gold. (她戴了那么多首飾,看上去象是包在金子里似的。)
He talk so much that no one else can get a word in edgeways. (他講得滔滔不絕,別人都無(wú)法插嘴。)
There is so little time left that I don't think I can finish it as scheduled. (剩下這么少的時(shí)間,我想我不能按時(shí)完成。)
The box costs so little that I can afford it. (這個(gè)箱子很便宜,我買得起。)
that也可以直接用來(lái)連接結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。如:
What have we done that you should be so angry with us? (我們做了什么使你這么生氣?)
如果結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)相同, 可用“so+(形容詞或副詞)as to do”取代該結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。如:
The weather was so bad that it made it hard to take a good photo. (天氣惡劣, 以致難以拍出來(lái)好照片。)
上面句子中的主句和從句的主語(yǔ)都是the weather,所以可以改為:
The weather was bad, so as to make it hard to take a good photo.
為了強(qiáng)調(diào)形容詞或副詞,so/such···that···引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,可把so/such部分置于句首,采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如:
So tired was I that I lost myself during marching. (我太累了,甚至在行進(jìn)中睡著了。)
Such a good student is he that we all like him. (他是個(gè)這么好的學(xué)生,所以我們都喜歡他。)
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