高考英語課本回歸早讀晚練28
早讀：
Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關(guān)
1．a(chǎn)buse vt. & n．濫用；虐待
[即學(xué)即練1](1)Don’t ______ ______ __________.
不要濫用你的特權(quán)。
(2)The farmer often ______ ______ ______.
這位農(nóng)夫經(jīng)常虐待他的妻子。
abuse
(3)You shouldn’t ________ ______ ______.
你不應(yīng)該過度使用你的眼睛。
(4)I don’t understand why I should put up with this kind of______ ______ ______.
我不明白我為什么要忍受她這樣辱罵我。
abuse
2．stress n. 重壓，壓力；逼迫，重音；重點(diǎn)；著重；強(qiáng)調(diào) vt. 著重；強(qiáng)調(diào)
stressful adj. 緊張的，壓力重的
stressed adj. 焦慮的，緊張的，無法放松的
a stressfuljob/situation/lifestyle
stress that.../sth. 強(qiáng)調(diào)……
in the stress of the moment 一時(shí)緊張
time of stress 危難之際，非常時(shí)期
lay/place/put stress on... 把重點(diǎn)放在……上
under the stress of... 為……所迫
[即學(xué)即練2](1)________ and rhythm are important in speakingEnglish.
說英語時(shí)重音和節(jié)奏都很重要。
(2)We must ______ _________ ______ self?reliance.
我們必須強(qiáng)調(diào)自力更生。
Stress
(3)The English curriculum should _________ both composition andreading.
英語課程對(duì)寫作和閱讀應(yīng)同樣重視。
(4)Worrying over his job and his wife‘s health ______ him ____________ ______ ________.
憂慮自己的工作及妻子的健康問題使他處于極大的壓力之下。
stress
3．due adj. 預(yù)期發(fā)生的，預(yù)期到達(dá)的，應(yīng)付的，到期的
be due to do sth. 預(yù)期做某事
be due to sth./doing sth./sb. 歸因于某事/歸因于做某事/欠某人……
be due for sth. 應(yīng)有；應(yīng)得到
[即學(xué)即練3](1)One‘s success ______ largely ______ ______ hisefforts.
一個(gè)人的成功在很大程度上是由于他的努力。
(2)The book ______ ______ ______ be published in October.
這本書預(yù)定十月出版。
(3)Have they been paid the money ______ ______ ______？
他們是否已得到了應(yīng)得的錢？
is
提示：(1)due 當(dāng)“預(yù)定的；預(yù)期的”講時(shí)，構(gòu)成 be due to 短語，其中 to為不定式符號(hào)，后接動(dòng)詞原形。
(2)due 當(dāng)“應(yīng)得的；應(yīng)付的”講時(shí)，構(gòu)成 be due to sb.短語，其中 to為介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。
(3)due to 當(dāng)“因?yàn)椋挥捎凇敝v時(shí)，to為介詞，與其意義相同的短語為：
because of 因?yàn)?/p>
owing to 由于，因?yàn)?/p>
on account of 由于……
as a result of 由于……
thanks to 多虧，幸虧
as a consequence of 由于……
①Owing to his poor health, his visit to Japan was put off.
由于身體不好，他去日本的訪問被推遲了。
②He was sent to a nursing home on account of age.
他因年邁而被送進(jìn)了福利院。
③Thanks to a good teacher, he passed the test.
多虧了一位好老師，他考試及格了。
4．a(chǎn)ccustom vt. 使習(xí)慣于，使適應(yīng)
accustomed adj. 通常的，習(xí)慣的
be accustomed (used) to (doing) sth.習(xí)慣于(表狀態(tài))
become/get accustomed (＝used) to (doing) sth.
習(xí)慣于(表動(dòng)作)
accustom oneself/sb. to (doing) sth.
使自己/某人習(xí)慣于……
[即學(xué)即練4](1)Painting barns red is an _________ practice.
倉房刷成紅色是一種習(xí)俗。
(2)He has ______ _________ ______ the way the teacher giveslectures.
他已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了那個(gè)老師的講課方式。
(3)You must __________ __________ ______ the newenvironment.
你必須使自己適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。
accustomed
5．quit vt.&vi. 停止(做某事)；離開；戒掉
adj. 擺脫(難題等)的
quit doing sth. 放棄干某事，停止干某事
quit office/school 離職/退學(xué)
be quit of sb./sth. 擺脫……
[即學(xué)即練5](1)I ______ _________ years ago.
我?guī)啄昵熬徒渚屏恕?/p>
(2)I made up my mind ______ ______.
我已決定辭職了。
(3)He was glad to ______ ______ ______ the troublesome job.
他很高興能擺脫那個(gè)麻煩的工作。
quit
6．effect n．結(jié)果；效力
effective adj.有效的；醒目的
have an effect on影響
put/bring sth. into effect實(shí)施，實(shí)行，使生效
come into effect/take effect(法律、規(guī)則或制度)生效；實(shí)施
in effect實(shí)際上
[即學(xué)即練6](1)Inflation is _________ ______ _________ ______ ______the economy.
通貨膨脹正在給經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來災(zāi)難性的影響。
(2)It won’t be easy to ______ the changes ______ ______.
把這些變化落到實(shí)處不是件容易的事。
(3)The new tax rates ______ ______ ______ from April.
新的稅率從四月起生效。
having
into
7．a(chǎn)shamed adj. 感到慚愧羞恥的(表語形容詞)
shame n. 羞恥；慚愧；遺憾的事
shameful adj. 可恥的，不體面的
be ashamed of (doing) sth. 因(做了)某事而感到羞愧
be ashamed to do sth. 恥于……的；因難為情而不愿做某事
feel ashamed for sb. 替某人感到羞愧……
be ashamed that... 感到羞愧的是……
[即學(xué)即練7](1)She ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ in theexamination.
她因考試不及格而感到羞愧。
(2)She ______ ______ ______ ______ anyone that she had fallen inlove with him.
她羞于告訴任何人自己愛上了他。
(3)He ______ ___________ ______ his shameful conduct.
他為自己可恥的行為感到羞愧。
was
ashamed
8．in spite of 盡管，雖然，不管，不顧
in spite of＋n.＝despite (prep.)＋n.＝regardless of＋n.
in spite of the fact that...(同位語從句)＝(al) though＋從句
[即學(xué)即練8](1)We went out ______ ______ ______ the rain.
盡管下著雨，我們還是出去了。
(2)Kelly loved her husband ______ ______ ______ the fact that hedrank too much.
雖然丈夫喝酒很兇，但凱莉仍然愛著他。
in
9．take risks/a risk冒險(xiǎn)
run (take) a risk/risks 冒險(xiǎn)
run (take) the risk of doing sth. 冒著……的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)/危險(xiǎn)
at risk (＝in danger)處于危險(xiǎn)中
at the risk of doing sth. 可能導(dǎo)致(不快等)，冒……危險(xiǎn)
at all risks 無論冒……危險(xiǎn)
risk one's health/life 以健康做賭注/冒著生命危險(xiǎn)
risk doing 冒險(xiǎn)做……
[即學(xué)即練9](1)You are ________ ______ ______ ______ in trustinghim.
信任他無異于冒險(xiǎn)。
(2)He decided to get there even ______ ______ ______ ______ hislife.
他決定去那里，即使有生命危險(xiǎn)。
(3)They ________ _________ everything.
他們冒著失去一切的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
taking
the
(4)Any man who smokes cigarettes is _________ ______ ______.吸煙的人是拿健康去冒險(xiǎn)。
risking
10．get into 陷入；染上(習(xí)慣)；開始對(duì)……感興趣
get into trouble 陷入麻煩
get into the habit of... 染上……的習(xí)慣
get into panic 陷入恐慌
get (sth.) across (to sb.) (使某事為人)理解
get along/on with 進(jìn)展；相處
ge away (from) 脫離……
get back 回來；返回
get around/about 四處走動(dòng)
get over 克服；解決；控制
get through 接通；完成
[即學(xué)即練10](1)How did you ______ ______ ______？
你是怎么染上毒品的？
(2)I haven‘t really ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ yet.
我還未真正熟悉我的新工作。
(3)I ______ ______ _____________ with an Italian student.
我與一位意大利學(xué)生談了起來。
get
my
易 錯(cuò) 點(diǎn)撥 自我完善·誤區(qū)備考
1. effect/affect
(1)effect作“影響”講是名詞；用做動(dòng)詞意為“產(chǎn)生，引起”(＝produce)。
(2)affect作“影響”講是及物動(dòng)詞(＝have an effect on)。
[應(yīng)用1] (1)The amount of rain _________ the growth of crops.
雨量影響作物的生長。
(2)The war _________ changes all over the world.
戰(zhàn)爭使世界各地發(fā)生了變化。
affects
2. in spite of/despite/although/though
(1)in spite of與despite同義，?？蓳Q用。in spiteof為普通用語，dispite多用于書面語言，despite不與of連用。
(2)although/though也是“盡管；不管；不顧”的意思，但用做從屬連詞，后面接讓步狀語從句。in spiteof/despite＋n.＝although＋從句。
[應(yīng)用2] (1)We went out _________ it was raining.
(2)We went out _________ the rain.
盡管在下雨，我們還是出去了。
although
晚練： 自我測評(píng)·技能備考
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1．In our city, the shops were not allowed to sell c_______ tostudents.
2．There are no lengths to which an a__________ person will notgo to obtain his drug.
3．I'm a___________ to say I haven't been to church for threeyears.
4．His increasing financial difficulties forced him to taked____________ measures.
cigarettes ,
5．Nowadays many supermarket doors can shuta___________________.
6．You’ve put me in an _________(令人尷尬的) position.
7．You will soon get __________ (習(xí)慣) to the climate here.
8．He got his present job when he ______ (離開) the army.
9．The road looks beautiful covered by golden pine______(松針)．
10．Her position in the party has ______________(加強(qiáng)) in recentweeks.
automatically ,
Ⅱ .單項(xiàng)選擇
1．－David, it’s Frank. Do you have a few minutes? I need to seeyou.
－______. But I hope “a few minutes” don’t turn into an hour.
A．I’m afraid not B．It doesn’tmatter
答案：D
解析：I guess so表示答應(yīng)。
2．Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physicallywhen people______smoking.
A．quit
答案：A
解析：句意為“醫(yī)生們正在研究，目的是找出當(dāng)人停止抽煙時(shí)身體將發(fā)生什么變化”。quit在這里作“停止”講；decline“下降，減少”；depart “出發(fā)，動(dòng)身，離開”；reserve 保留，儲(chǔ)存。
3．She felt ______ of doing that and tears ran down hercheeks.
A．shame
答案：B
解析：句意為：她為做了那事而感到羞愧……
4．When I was very young I was terribly frightened of school, butI soon ______ it.
A．gotoff
答案：D
解析：句意為“我小的時(shí)候害怕上學(xué)，但是不久就克服了”。get over 克服；get off 下車；get away擺脫；get across (使……為人)理解。
5．(2010·陜西西安質(zhì)檢)In Xi'an, although there is a good publictransport system, ______ private car is still becoming ______popular means of transportation.
A．/;the
答案：B
解析：考查冠詞。第一空，定冠詞用在單數(shù)名詞前面表示類別，即“私家車”；第二空用不定冠詞，泛指“一種受歡迎的交通方式”。
6．Hearing that most of the members voted against her, she ______a smile.
A．wore
答案：B
解析：wear a smile 表示“臉上掛著微笑”，perform,control 均不合題意。manage a smile表示“勉強(qiáng)擠出一絲微笑”。
7．______to computer games, the boy has lost all interest in hislessons.
A．Addicted
答案：A
解析：be addicted to “沉迷于……”，句中過去分詞短語做狀語。
8．Accustomed to ______ in the countryside, he found it hard tolive in the city.
A．living
答案：A
解析：be accustomed to doing sth.＝be used to doing sth. 習(xí)慣于……
9．Since our country has so many good table tennis players, wehave to ______ the best ones to take part in the game.
A．relyon
答案：D
解析：decide on 相當(dāng)于 determine on “對(duì)……作出決定”。rely on＝depend on“依賴，依靠”，無 judge on 短語。
10．Cooperation or teamwork, the importance of which is often______， plays an important part in football matches.
A．stressed
答案：A
解析：stress the importance of...意為“強(qiáng)調(diào)……的重要性”，只不過題中用其被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)而已。C、D項(xiàng)分別缺 prep. to, about, B項(xiàng)為be動(dòng)詞直接與動(dòng)詞原形連用之誤。
11．He got well?prepared for the job interview, for he couldn'trisk ______ the good opportunity.
A．tolose
答案：B
解析：risk doing sth. “冒險(xiǎn)做某事”。該句意為：他為面試作好了充分準(zhǔn)備，因?yàn)樗荒苊笆ズ脵C(jī)會(huì)的危險(xiǎn)。
12．The great success of this program has been largely ______ thesupport given by the 10 local businessmen.
A．insteadof
答案：C
解析：thanks to 一般單獨(dú)引導(dǎo)狀語，只有 due to可與 be連用表示“由于”。
13．______ has recently been done to provide more English booksfor the students, a shortage of reading materials remains a seriousproblem.
A．What
答案：C
解析：in spiteof意為“盡管”。句意：盡管我們最近所做的就是給學(xué)生們提供更多的英語書，但是閱讀材料的缺乏還是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重問題。
14．—This is the first time I ______ pictures with my owncamera.
—It's time that you ______ a picture of me.
A．took;took
答案：B
解析：考查 This is the first time...和 It‘s time...句式。
15．(2010·河南省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué))______ surprises us most is that she doesn'teven know ______ the difference between the two lies.
A．What;where
答案：A
解析：考查名詞性從句。語意：讓我們最吃驚的是她竟然不知道兩者的區(qū)別在哪兒?！癢hat surprises usmost”是主語從句，what在從句中作主語；“where the difference between the twolies”是賓語從句，where表示的是抽象地點(diǎn)。
Ⅲ .閱讀理解
A
He could have been president of Israel or played the violin atCarnegie Hall, but he was too busy thinking—thinking on God, loveand the meaning of life.
Fifty years after his death, his shock(蓬亂) of white hair andhanging moustache still symbolize genius. Einstein remains theleading scientist of the modern time. Looking back 2 400 years,only Newton, Galileo and Aristotle were his equals.
Around the world, universities and academies are celebrating the100th anniversary of Einstein's “miracle year” when he publishedfive scientific papers in 1905 that basically changed our grasp ofspace, time, light and matter. Only he could top himself about tenyears later with his theory of relativity.
Born in the age of horsedrawn carriages, his ideas launched atechnological revolution that has made more change in a centurythan in the previous two thousand years.
Computers, satellites, telecommunications, lasers, televisionsand nuclear power all owe their invention to ways in which Einsteinexposed a stranger and more complicated reality under－neath theworld.
He escaped Hitler's Germany and devoted the rest of his life tohuman rights and peace with an authority( 當(dāng)局) unmatched by anyscientist today, or even most politicians and religious leaders. Hespoke out against fascism and racial prejudice. His FBI(美國聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局)file ran 1 400 pages.
His letters expose a disorderly personal life—married twice andindifferent toward his children while absorbed in physics. Yet hecharmed lovers and admirers with poetry and sailboat outings.Friends and neighbors fiercely protected his privacy(隱私)．
1．The first paragraph implies that Einstein ______.
A．had run for president before he worked at his research
B．had the gift for politics and music
C．was an excellent violinist
D．was more a political leader or a musician than a thinker
2．When you think of Einstein, what typical appearance was formedin your mind?
A．Funning and humorous with an air of a musician.
B．Wearing very wide trousers, a moustache, with an image of anactor.
C．Rough untidy mass of white hair and hanging moustache, with animage of a thinker.
D．Black long hair and moustache, with an air of a painter.
3．Why was 1905 called Einstein's “miracle year”？
A．Because he topped himself with the theory of relativity.
B．Because he made important discoveries of space, time, lightand matter.
C．Because he published five papers on his theory ofrelativity.
D．Because he wrote five important articles to help people betterunderstand space, time, light and matter.
4．Which of the following is NOT true about Einstein according tothe passage?
A．He was so busy with the physical research that he showed nointerest in politics.
B．He tried to amuse his admirers and friends in his sparetime.
C．When he was absorbed in his research, he didn't care about hisfamily.
D．His theory led to much improvement in many technologicalfields.
答案及解析：
這是一篇人物介紹類的短文。本文介紹的是20世紀(jì)杰出的科學(xué)家愛因斯坦不平凡的一生。他給人類留下的是宇宙般浩瀚的智慧、勇氣和愛。
1．B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的意思“他本來可以成為以色列總理，或在卡內(nèi)基音樂廳演奏小提琴，但他卻把時(shí)間都用來思考”推測可知：他具有政治和音樂天賦。
2．C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容．..his shock of white hair and hangingmoustache still symbolize genius.他那一頭濃密的白發(fā)，微微垂下的八字胡須仍然是天才的象征。
3．D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，在1905年，愛因斯坦發(fā)表了五篇科學(xué)論文，從根本上改變了人們對(duì)空間、時(shí)間、光和物質(zhì)的理解，也只有他自己才能在10年后再次超越自己，提出了相對(duì)論。
4．A.事實(shí)判斷題。第四段內(nèi)容：他的理論和思想引發(fā)了一場科學(xué)技術(shù)革命。這場科技革命帶來的變化遠(yuǎn)比以往2000年來變化的總和還要多。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。文章最后一段：每當(dāng)專注思考物理問題時(shí)，他就會(huì)對(duì)身邊的子女漠不關(guān)心；但是，他也會(huì)利用詩歌和帆船航行來吸引他的愛人。由此可知B、C兩項(xiàng)是正確的。
B
Once the 2008 Olympic Games finishes, the drums and trumpets(喇叭)of the competitions would also stop. But would the city remain aslively as it would be after this world event? Investmentsustainability and high demand are two highly invaluable economicconcepts(概念) that can be looked at in order to ensure postOlympicsflourish, or perhaps, an even better future for Beijingers.
Naturally, an economic downturn occurs in an Olympic host cityonce the major event finishes. Renmin University Professor JinYuanpu noted that a global event like this would put Beijing into aposition of large importance in the international stage. But afterthis event, who would use the heavilyfunded equipment and publicand private investments left in the city? Various economists arguedthat a meltdown (徹底垮臺(tái)) is highly unlikely. Jonathan Anderson, UBSAsia economist, suggested that the
negative effects of the end of Beijing Olympics 2008 on theentire country aren't important compared to previous host cities.China is such a huge economy that the conclusion of the OlympicGames is the same as an antbite on a dragon.
But what about postOlympics Beijing? Retired headmaster ofPeking University, Li Yining, noted that a longterm civil demandgrowth and a popular desire by companies to adopt careful financialmanagement decisions can lead to continued investment growth. Eventhough demand in some departments of the economy would drop in theshort run, creativity, practicality and innovation(創(chuàng)新) would be thekey factors that would continually enhance the city's image andflourish long after the Olympics in the city has ended.
So what's next for Beijing after the Olympics? Well, it'sbusiness as usual...
5. Which one of the following is the author‘s idea?
A. Beijing's economy will have a downturn after the 2008 OlympicGames.
B. The 2008 Olympic Games have no effects on Beijing'seconomy.
C. Beijing's economy will go on as usual.
D. Beijing's economy will go worse after the 2008 OlympicGames.
6. What's Jin Yuanpu, idea about Beijing's economy after the2008 Olympic Games according to the passage?
A. To have a downturn.
B. To develop as usual.
C. To develop more rapidly.
D. All of the above.
7. Why did Jonathan Anderson believe that the negative effectsof the end of Beijing Olympics 2008 on the entire country aren'timportant?
A. The negative effects are small.
B. The Chinese government has many measures to take.
C. The Chinese economy has developed at a certain level so thatthe negative effects can't affect it too much.
D. Jonathan Anderson liked China very much so he didn't wantChina to go worse.
8. Choose a best title for this passage.
A. Beijing after the Olympics
B. The Negative Effects of the End of Beijing Olympics
C. Can Beijing Get Through the Difficult Period After the 2008Olympic Games
D. Beijing's Economy After the 2008 Olympic Games
答案及解析
5．C.文章最后點(diǎn)明了作者同意的觀點(diǎn)，北京的經(jīng)濟(jì)會(huì)照樣發(fā)展，不會(huì)受到很大的沖擊。
6．A.文章第二段前半部分提到他擔(dān)心對(duì)奧運(yùn)會(huì)的大的投入，在會(huì)后沒有其他的用途，會(huì)造成很大的損失，可以推測出他的觀點(diǎn)。
7．C.文章第二段最后說到他認(rèn)為中國是一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)大國，奧運(yùn)會(huì)的負(fù)面影響就像螞蟻咬到龍身上，不會(huì)有什么感覺。
8．D.文章主要講了專家對(duì)奧運(yùn)會(huì)后北京及全國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的看法。
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