D
daily / everyday / every day?
daily作名詞意為“日報(bào)”;作形容詞，意同everyday意為“每日的、日常的”在句中作定語。
China Daily《中國日報(bào)》 daily life
everyday意為“每日的、日常的”在句中作定語。
everyday English＝daily English日常英語；everyday life＝daily life日常生活。 ?
every day（分開寫）意為“每天”，作狀語。 He comes here every day＝He comes here daily．
damage / destroy / ruin / hurt / injure / wound / harm / cut
damage意為部分“損壞、破壞”。常指損壞的程度不那么嚴(yán)重，還可以修復(fù)再用。也用于表示損壞抽象的東西,有時(shí)該詞也用于借喻。
The car was not damaged badly in the accident, but five people were seriously hurt．
汽車在事故中損壞不嚴(yán)重，但卻有五個(gè)人受了重傷。
Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness．長期生病使她的心臟受到輕度損傷。
What they said and did damaged the relations between the two countries．
他們的言行損害了這兩個(gè)國家之間的關(guān)系。
Smoking has damaged his health badly．吸煙嚴(yán)重地?fù)p害了他的健康。
damage還可用作可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。
The earthquake did a lot of damages to the city．這場地震給這座城市帶來了巨大的破壞。
destroy意為“破壞；摧毀；消滅；毀滅”，程度非常嚴(yán)重，一般情況下不可以修復(fù)再用。
另外，它既可表示毀壞具體的物品，也可表示毀壞抽象的東西。
The big fire destroyed the whole house． 這場大火把整座房子都燒毀了。
The Nazi wanted to destroy people's hopes, but in the end what was destroyed was the Nazi's dream by the power of people．納粹想摧毀人民的希望，最終是納粹的夢想被人民的力量所摧毀。
ruin多用于借喻之中，有時(shí)泛指一般性的破壞，指把某物損壞到了不能再使用的程度。
My new coat is ruined．我的外套不能再穿了。
The rain will ruin the crops．這雨會(huì)把莊稼毀掉的。
I was ruined by that law case; I'm a ruined man我被那場官司毀了，我破產(chǎn)了。
hurt 既可指肉體上的傷害（可被badly, slightly, seriously等修飾），也可指精神上、感情上的傷害（被very much／rather／deeply修飾），多指傷痛。
I hurt my leg badly in the football match．在那場足球賽中，我的腿受了重傷。
He felt rather hurt at your words．你的話使他很難過。
injure：受傷。常指意外或事故傷害。Several people were injured in the traffic accident.
wound：受傷。常指戰(zhàn)爭場合的傷害，如槍傷、刀傷等。
His father was wounded in the war 30 years ago.
harm：危害。In my point of view, the rain will harm our crops. (依我看來，這雨對我們的莊稼有害）
Reading in dim light will harm your eyes. （在昏暗的燈光下看書會(huì)損害眼睛。）
cut指傷口或無意中造成的輕傷。
How did you get that cut on your hand﹖你手上的傷口是怎么弄的？
damp / wet
damp指"輕度潮濕, 使人感覺不舒服的",
I don't like damp weather.我不喜歡潮濕的天氣。
wet 指"含水分或其他液體的"、"濕的",
be wet to the skin 渾身濕透。
day by day /day after day
day by day意為“一天一天地”，“逐日”，表示事情的逐漸變化過程。該短語只能作狀語。
It's getting colder day by day．天氣一天天冷了起來。
The boy is getting better day by day．那孩子一天天好了起來。
day after day意為“日復(fù)一日”,表示周而復(fù)始或循環(huán)重復(fù)的動(dòng)作或事件。
Day after day went by, and still no message arrived．日子一天天過去，仍然杳無音訊。
I have to do the work day after day．我得天天做這項(xiàng)工作。 l
deal with /do with /get rid of
get rid of表示“處理”，側(cè)重“消滅；擺脫或清除”；
deal with和do with側(cè)重“處理”的手段、方法或方式。do的后面可接賓語，deal的后面不接賓語；do with常與what連用，deal with常與how連用。
［練習(xí)］
①If they are not coming, we can ＿＿＿ the tickets．
②How did they ＿＿＿＿ matters of this sort﹖
③What did you ＿＿＿＿ the broken car﹖
④Mr Zhang wrote a book ＿＿＿＿ life in England．
⑤We should ＿＿＿＿ the weeds in the fields．
(Keys: ①get rid of ②deal with ③do with ④dealing with ⑤get rid of)l
deep / deeply
deep：“深”，比較具體。Still water runs deep. （靜水流深。）
deeply：“深深地”，比較抽象。We were deeply moved. （我們深受感動(dòng)。）
demonstrate /illustrate
demonstrate 證明,論證,以科學(xué)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膽B(tài)度,通過推理、辯論或提供證據(jù)來證明事物的正謬
illustrate 指用實(shí)物、圖片等進(jìn)行說明，illustrate后常用介詞by，with。
A．The lecturer ＿＿＿＿ his point with a diagram ont heblackboard．
B．To ＿＿＿＿ his arguments，he showed us a lot of facts．
C．These figures clearly ＿＿＿ the size of the economic problem facing the country．
Answers：A.illustrated B.demonstrate C.demonstrate
die of / die from
die of：死于。常指由于疾病、饑餓、情感等原因而死亡。
Many of them died of hunger during the voyage.
The old woman died of grief soon after her husband’s death.
die from：死于。常指除了疾病或情感以外的原因造成的死亡，及因某種具體疾病造成的死亡。
In big cities during cold winter months, many old people die from the polluted air.
It is said that he died from / of heart attack.
discover / invent / create / find / find out
invent意為“發(fā)明”，指通過勞動(dòng)運(yùn)用聰明才智“發(fā)明／創(chuàng)造”出以前從未存在過的新事物。
Who invented the telephone？ 是誰發(fā)明電話的？
He invented a new teaching method．他發(fā)明了一種新的教學(xué)方法。
find意為“找到/發(fā)現(xiàn)”，指找到或發(fā)現(xiàn)自己所需要的東西或丟失的東西，著重指找到的結(jié)果。
We've found oil under the South Sea．我們已在南海發(fā)現(xiàn)了石油。
They finally found a way． 他們終于找到了辦法。
discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”,表示“偶然”或“經(jīng)過努力”發(fā)現(xiàn)客觀存在的事物、真理或錯(cuò)誤,即指發(fā)現(xiàn)原來客觀存在但不為人所知的事物,也可表示發(fā)現(xiàn)已為人所知的事物的新的性質(zhì)或用途。
Columbus discovered America in1492． 哥倫布1492年發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲。
We soon discovered the truth． 我們很快就弄清了真相。
create：創(chuàng)造 It is well known that Madame Curie discovered the element radium.
As we know, Shakespeare created quite a number of wonderful characters in his plays.
find out指經(jīng)過研究或詢問查明某事或真相。
[EXERCISES]
1．Edison ＿＿＿＿ the electric lamp．
2．I lost my necklace last night．I haven’t ＿＿＿＿ it．
3．Who ＿＿＿＿ America first？
4．Can you ＿＿＿＿ what time the train leaves？
ANSWERS: 1．invented 2．found 3．discovered 4．find outl
disgrace / dishonor / shame
disgrace 指“失去別人的尊敬”、“因自己或別人的行為所產(chǎn)生的恥辱感”.
He was in disgrace after his ungentlemanly behavior. 他因?yàn)樾袨椴粰z而為人所不齒。
dishonour指“因自己的言行而喪失自尊或玷辱名譽(yù)”。
His desertion to the enemy was a dishonor to his family.他的投敵行為對他的家庭是恥辱。
shame指“由于失去自尊心而感到羞愧或羞恥”。
I think it a shame to be so wasteful. 我認(rèn)為那樣浪費(fèi)太可恥了。infamy指“聲名狼藉”、“臭名昭著”, His name will live in infamy. 他的名字將遺臭萬年。
E
each / every
each強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，可以接“of ”結(jié)構(gòu)，可以在句中充當(dāng)同位語；each指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或事物
every強(qiáng)調(diào)全體;every則不可以接of結(jié)構(gòu);every指三個(gè)或以上的人或事物;every有“每隔…，每…”之思，each則沒有。
Each has his good point.
Each of them has his own dictionary.
The students each have a desk. （此處each是the students的同位語。）
I know every member of your family.
We hand in our homework every three days. （相當(dāng)于every third day。）
environment / surroundings
environment：環(huán)境,可指自然環(huán)境也可指人文環(huán)境,多指給人思想、感情等造成影響的事物或情況。
He told a story of man’s struggle with his environment.他講了一個(gè)人類與環(huán)境抗?fàn)幍墓适?/font>
It’s not a very safe environment for children there.
surroundings：環(huán)境，多指周圍的自然環(huán)境。The guest house stands in beautiful surroundings.
employ / hire / rent
employ：雇用。較正式用語，指較長期雇用，賓語一般是人。
Karl was employed by a car rental agency. （卡爾受雇于一家汽車出租公司。）
hire：雇用，租用。較普通用語，指短期雇用、租用。
The store-keeper hired 10 girls for the Christmas rush.
（為應(yīng)對圣誕節(jié)前的購物熱，店主雇用了十個(gè)女孩來幫忙。）
During the holiday they hired a boat and went fishing.
rent：出租。指長時(shí)間租用、出租房屋、場地等。
She has rented the house to a young couple. （她已把這房子出租給一對年輕夫婦。）
escape / flee / run away
escape 逃脫，逃離 escape from the prison/the police
flee 逃（未必逃脫掉）The enemy fled everywhere.
run away 跑掉，出走 He ran away when he was ten years old.10歲時(shí)他離家出走了。
ever before / ever since / ever after
ever since意為“從…之后一直”，該短語與完成時(shí)連用。有時(shí)ever可以省略。
ever before意為“比以往任何時(shí)候”，常與比較級連用并放在than之后。ever用來加強(qiáng)before的語氣，before有時(shí)可以省略。
ever after意為“從那以后”，其中的after可作連詞，也可作副詞，該短語常與過去時(shí)連用。
[EXERCISES]
1．He went to xizang in 1969 and has lived there ＿＿＿＿．
2．The flowers grow more beautiful than ＿＿＿＿．
3．The couple lived a hard life ＿＿＿＿．
ANSWERS: 1.ever since 2．ever before 3．ever afterl
F
fairly / rather / pretty
fairly 形容好的方面；fairly good
rather修飾不好的方面。此外，可修飾比較級和too,而fairly 則不能。
Tom is fairly diligent,but Peter is rather lazy.
rather hotter/rather too large
pretty 相當(dāng)于rather，用于非正式文體 pretty well 很好
fall / drop
fall：下落，下降；重傷死亡或倒下（用作不及物動(dòng)詞）。
drop：滴落，掉下；疲勞倒下（用作不及物動(dòng)詞或及物動(dòng)詞）。
He suddenly fell / dropped to the ground.
The price of oil has fallen / dropped by $ 2 each barrel. （油價(jià)每桶下降了兩美元。）
Hundreds of soldiers fell in this battle. （數(shù)以百計(jì)的士兵在這次戰(zhàn)斗中犧牲。）
He dropped in the chair the moment he got home. （他一到家就累倒在椅子上。）
l fall off / fall down / fall onto / fall into
fall off用作及物動(dòng)詞，表示“從……上落下，掉下，摔下”。
The house moved and a few pictures fell off the wall，but that was all．
房子動(dòng)了動(dòng)，幾幅畫從墻上掉了下來，就這些。
He had fallen off a ladder and hurt his leg． 他從梯子上摔下來，傷了腿。
有時(shí)，它也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“落下，掉下，脫落”；也可表示“減少，越來越少”。
I watched all the glasses that were on the table fall off． 我看著桌子上的杯子全掉下來。
His supporters were falling off． 支持他的人越來越少了。
fall down通常用作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“（人）跌倒，摔倒，絆倒”或“（房屋等)倒塌”。
The old lady fell down in the street and broke her leg．那老太太在街上跌倒了，摔壞了腿。
fall onto意為“掉到……上”，其中onto為介詞，也可用to。
The books fell off the desk onto／to the ground． 書從桌上掉到了地上。
fall into意為“掉到……里陷入（困難）”等，into是介詞。如: fall into the river掉進(jìn)河里
false / wrong
false：虛假的；錯(cuò)誤的，表示所說的、想的與實(shí)際情況相違，含有假冒、欺騙之嫌。
false teeth / hair假牙/假發(fā)。
Please decide whether the following statements are true or false.
wrong：錯(cuò)誤的，不正確的，無假冒、欺騙之意。
He may be wrong in his opinions, but he is not false in trying to impress them on others.（也許他的觀點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的，但他試圖讓人記住這些，這并不假。）
family / home / house
family：家，家庭，家里人。指家庭成員結(jié)構(gòu)。
The family is large, and the whole family are now watching TV.
He has a family of three.
He has a large family to support. (他要養(yǎng)活一大家子。)
home：家，家園。指出生及日常生活的那種環(huán)境。也可用作副詞。
My home is not far from here.
The car broke down on the way home. (在回家的路上車拋錨了。)
house：房子，住宅。指居住的建筑物。
The old house was built of stones.
The big fire destroyed the whole house．
farther / further
farther：更遠(yuǎn)。
further：更遠(yuǎn);更進(jìn)一步,更深一層。作為“更遠(yuǎn)”,二者可通用。若表“更進(jìn)一步，更深一層”,只能用further。
He was too tired to walk any farther/further.
The problem must be further discussed next time.
Mr. Wang went abroad for further study last year.
fast / quick / rapid / soon
fast：快的，迅速的。指速度迅速。This is a fast train.
He’s one of the fastest runners in the world.
I always keep my watch 15 minutes fast. （我總是讓我的表快十五分鐘。）
quick：快的，迅速的；機(jī)敏的。指立即行動(dòng)、毫不延遲；動(dòng)作敏捷。
We’re expecting a quick reply from the company.
Robertson’s quick thinking saved the little girl’s life.羅伯遜敏捷的思維救了那小女孩的命
She’s a quick learner.
rapid：快的，迅速的。比較具體，常指流水、發(fā)展、進(jìn)步等方面的“快”。
I’ve made rapid progress in English.
The patient made a rapid recovery. （病人康復(fù)很快。）
soon：快，早。指時(shí)間。例如：He’ll be here soon.
Try and get the car fixed as soon as possible.
feed...on / feed on / feed.../ to / feed with
feed...to 指“將……喂給……”，feed 后跟表示食物的詞；
feed...on 指“用……喂……”，feed 后接表示人或動(dòng)物的詞。
What did you feed to the baby just now？ 你剛才給嬰兒喂的什么﹖
I feed the dog on meat． 我用肉喂狗。
feed on 以...為主食，以...為燃料
The sheep feed on grass,while the wolves feed on meat.
feed with：喂養(yǎng)。指喂養(yǎng)的具體動(dòng)作
He is now feeding his sheep with grass. 他在用草喂羊
fight against ( with) / fight for
fight against：與…戰(zhàn)斗, 反對…的戰(zhàn)爭,可與fight with互用；但fight with還可表示“和…并肩作戰(zhàn)”。They are making great efforts to fight against / with pollution.
In World War II, the British fought with the French and the Americans against the Germans.（在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中，英國人同法國人、美國人一起與德國人交戰(zhàn)。）
fight for：為（爭?。鴳?zhàn)斗。
The slaves were fighting for freedom.
He said he would fight for his motherland.
finally / at last / in the end
finally用法?表示某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生的順序是在“最后”。?是用在句中動(dòng)詞前,表示了好久“終于…”。
Finally，turn off the lights and lock the door．最后關(guān)上燈鎖好門。 ü
We waited and waited，and finally they arrived．我們等了又等，（最后）他們終于來了。 ?
at last是表示經(jīng)過一番曲折或努力之后某事才發(fā)生，強(qiáng)調(diào)其結(jié)果，其語氣和感情色彩較強(qiáng)。At last the project has been completed and we can rest．這項(xiàng)工程終于竣工了，我們可以休息了。 ?
in the end用法?表示經(jīng)過若干周折或努力而“最后”發(fā)生了某事。
We did experiment after experiment，and in the end we got a good harvest of rice in Africa．
我們作了一個(gè)又一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，（最后）終于在非洲獲得了水稻豐收。
表示預(yù)測未來（而finally和at last無此用法）。
He hopes that his son will be a fine teacher in the end.他希望兒子最終成為一名優(yōu)秀教師。 l
find／look for / found／founded?
find意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)、找到”，為動(dòng)詞原形。Where is my book? I can't find it.
look for：尋找。I have been looking for my pocket dictionary, but I haven’t found it yet.
（我一直在找我的袖珍詞典，但是還沒找到。）
found既是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞find的過去式和過去分詞，本身又是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形，意為“建立、成立、創(chuàng)辦”。 He has already found his watch． 他已經(jīng)找到了手表。?
founded 為動(dòng)詞found的過去式和過去分詞。
The school was founded ten years ago． 這所學(xué)校是十年前創(chuàng)辦的。
fit / be fit for / be fit to
fit可用作及物或不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“適合”，“合身”，主要指大小適合。
This cap fits me well．這頂帽子很適合我。
The coat doesn’t fit me well． 這件大衣不太合身。
另外，fit還有“安裝”、“試穿”之意。
You can fit this skirt on your daughter．你可以給你的女兒試一下這條裙子。
I will fit my new house with a telephone．我要在新房間裝電話。
be fit for意為“適合;能勝任”。其中,fit是形容詞,意為“適合的;能勝任的”,for后面接名詞或-ing形式。
The water in the well is fit for drinking．這口井里的水可以喝。
The man is not fit for his office．那人不稱職。
Your shoes are not fit for traveling．你的鞋子不適合旅行。
be fit to意為“適合;能勝任”。短語中fit也是形容詞,to為動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào),因此后面只能接動(dòng)詞原形。The food is not fit to eat．這食物不可以吃。
The girl is easy to get angry,so she is not fit to be a nurse.這女孩易發(fā)脾氣,因此她不適合當(dāng)護(hù)士。
foolish / silly / stupid
foolish：愚蠢的。指缺乏智慧或判斷力。
It would be foolish of us to quarrel. （我們爭吵是愚蠢的。）
silly：傻的，糊涂的，幼稚的。指頭腦簡單、不懂事，或指言行無聊。
The silly child is always asking silly questions.
stupid：笨的。指生性遲鈍或反應(yīng)遲鈍，有時(shí)含有頑固、固執(zhí)的意味。
How I wish I had your brains! I’m too stupid.
If you’re stupid enough to skate on the lake, you deserve to fall in.
（如果你硬是要在這湖上滑冰，掉下去活該。）
forbid / ban / prohibit
forbid系常用詞, 指“命令某人不做某事”。
The doctor forbids him to smoke. 醫(yī)生禁止他吸煙。
ban 語氣較重, 指權(quán)威機(jī)關(guān)“正式禁止”, 含“嚴(yán)厲譴責(zé)”之意,只能用事物作其賓語,
Ban atomic and nuclear weapons! 禁止原子武器和核武器!
prohibit指“通過法律或政府法令禁止”。
The soldiers were prohibited from leaving camp after dark. 天黑后士兵不準(zhǔn)離開營房l
forget / leave / remain
forget：忘了（帶某物）。Oh no, I’ve forgotten my key to the office.
leave：把（某物 / 某人）忘 / 留在某地（后面要跟地點(diǎn)）。
Oh no, I’ve left my key at the office.
Don’t leave your child alone at home.
remain：（某人）留下來；仍然（保持）。
The refugees were allowed to remain in that area. （允許難民留在那個(gè)地區(qū)。）
The boy remained silent.
fit / suit / suitable /do / match / go
fit用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“與……相符、符合；合……身”；用作不及物動(dòng)詞,意為“適合、合身”。多指衣物等尺寸大小合身、合腳。也可用作形容詞,常構(gòu)成be fit for意為“適于;稱職”；
John is fit for the job well.
suit意為“適合”。多指衣物等的顏色、款式、質(zhì)地等適合，穿起來協(xié)調(diào)、好看；合乎需要、口味、性格、條件和地位等。
This coat doesn't suit you.這件外套不適合你。比較:This coat doesn't fit you.這件外套不合你的身。
A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of his pupils.好教師授課力求適合學(xué)生的年齡。
suitable是suit的形容詞，be suitable for相當(dāng)于be fit for。另外：suit常用作名詞，意為“一套／副（衣服等）”：a man's suit包括外套 jacket，背心waist coat和褲子trousers，a woman's suit包括上衣coat和裙子skirt； fit還可作“安裝”解。
do：合適（常與for連用）。The coat doesn’t do for you; it’s too small.
match (vt) / go：匹配（go常與with連用）The color of the tie doesn’t match / go with that of your shirt.
for example / such as / like ?
such as用來列舉，通常放在被列舉的事物的前面以及需要說明的事物的后面。?
for example常用來補(bǔ)充說明，表示在眾多的例子中僅僅取一、二加以說明、解釋。?
like是介詞，意為“像”。
[EXERCISES]
1. Many books on English study,_______ School English are popular among school students．
2. Some students，Wang Lin，＿＿＿＿ like country music very much．
3. I’m going to be a pop star ＿＿＿＿ Michael Jackson．
ANSWERS:1．such as 2．for example 3．like
for the first time / the first time / the time
for the first time 首次;第一次。表示有生以來或一段時(shí)間內(nèi)第一次做某事,在句中一般單獨(dú)作狀語。
The two girl students talked for the first time at the beginning of the term.兩位女生開學(xué)初首次交談。 the first time 首次；第一次。常引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，其重點(diǎn)不是講第一次做什么，而是說明另一動(dòng)作或情況；也可以作表語，強(qiáng)調(diào)到說話為止某一情況或動(dòng)作的次數(shù)。
I knew we would be good friends the first time I met her.第一次見到她,我就知道我們會(huì)成為好朋友。 This is the first time I have been to the Great Wall． 這是我第一次去長城。
the time在句中起連詞的作用
The time the bell rang, all the pupils rushed out.
此處語法意義上可以用as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, instantly, immediately等替換；還可以用Hardly … when, Scarcely … when, No sooner ... than等倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)。
Hardly had the bell rang when all the pupils rushed out.（鈴聲一響，所有的學(xué)生都沖了出去。）
free / freely
free：免費(fèi)，自由地。The show was arranged to admit free the students from Senior III.
安排高三學(xué)生入內(nèi)免費(fèi)參觀展覽
freely：自如地.He can communicate freely with the native speakers.
fun / joke
fun：玩笑，娛樂。是不可數(shù)名詞。The old man is full of fun. /Don’t make fun of him.
joke：玩笑，笑料。是可數(shù)名詞。I had a joke with her. /Let’s play a joke on Mr. Wang.
Gl
gather / collect
gather：把分散或抽象東西聚集起來 gather facts/materials/information/data.
collect：有計(jì)劃，有選擇的收集 to collect stamps 集郵
（此外，兩者可互換）
gather round / gather in / gather up / gather from
gather round表示“聚集在……周圍”、“聚集在一起”。
gather in表示“收獲莊稼”。
gather up表示“收拾起來”、“抱起來”。
gather from表示“從……推測”、“從……推想”，后面與that－clause連用。
【練習(xí)】
①I ＿＿＿＿ her letter that she is very happy now．
②The students in our class ＿＿＿＿ Mr Wang．
③You'd better ＿＿＿＿ your books and put them away．
④The farmers ＿＿＿＿ the wheat now．
⑤All the workers ＿＿＿＿ him and asked him what was wrong with him at all．
(Keys: ①gather from ②gathered round ③gather up ④are gathering in ⑤gathered round) l
get away (from) / run away (from) / escape (from) / flee (from)
這幾個(gè)詞均可表示“逃”，但含義有別：??
get away from及run away from表示“逃”的動(dòng)作或行為，含有動(dòng)作快速而敏捷之意，多用于口語中；
escape指安全地“逃走或跑掉”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果；?
flee強(qiáng)調(diào)“逃”這一動(dòng)作急促或迅速，不強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。選用時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的含義來定。
The bird has escaped from the cage．那只鳥逃出鳥籠了。
He ran away／got away／escaped from the fire．他從火災(zāi)中逃出來了。
He fled (from) the burning house．他從燃燒的房子中逃出。
另外，表示“從某處抽身”，一般用get away from。如： I’m afraid she can’t get away from the meeting． 我恐怕她很難從會(huì)議中抽身。
give off / give out
give off 發(fā)出"液體/氣體/味道"等 The smoke given off by the factory pollutes the air seriously.l
give out 發(fā)出"聲音/消息/信號(hào)"等 She gave out a cry.
give up / give in / give out ?
give up指行為或努力受挫或別的原因而主動(dòng)放棄,作及物動(dòng)詞,跟名詞或v－ing；也可作不及物動(dòng)詞；
give in指不再堅(jiān)持自己的行為或觀點(diǎn)等，而按別人的要求去做，一般作不及物動(dòng)詞；?
give out意為“用完；耗盡；體力不支”，是不及物動(dòng)詞。
①The wind was strong and the waves were big，so he had to give up attempting／his attempt to swim the channel．風(fēng)急浪高，他只好放棄橫渡海峽的打算。
②All the girls finished the race except two who gave up half way．
除有兩個(gè)中途放棄外，其它所有的姑娘都跑完了比賽的全程。
③As neither of the two sides would give in，the agreement fell through．
由于雙方都不肯讓步，所以沒能達(dá)成協(xié)議。
④After a long journey，my strength gave out and couldn’t walk any farther．
走了很長的路，我已筋疲力盡，再也走不動(dòng)了。 l
glance / stare / glare
glance意為“匆匆一瞥”，是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后必須接介詞at, over等才可以接賓語。
He glanced at his watch．他匆匆看了一下手表。
She glanced down the list of names． 她由上而下匆匆地看了一下名單。
stare意為“凝視”，它也是一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞，其后通常接介詞at才能接賓語。
She stared at him in surprise．她驚訝地瞪著他看。
He was staring out to the sea． 他凝目眺望大海。
glare意為“怒視；瞪眼”，也是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后要接介詞at后才能接賓語。
They stood glaring at each other．他們互相怒目而視地站著。 l
go on to do sth. / go on doing sth．/ go on with sth
這三個(gè)短語都有繼續(xù)做某事的意思，但在含義上有所不同。 ?
go on to do sth．表示“接著做另一件事”，即接下去做與原來不同的一件事；?
go on doing sth…表示“繼續(xù)不停地做某事或間斷后繼續(xù)做原來沒有做完的事”；?
go on with sth．表示“間斷后繼續(xù)做原來沒有做完的事”，其后一般接代詞作賓語。通常情況下，go on doing sth．和go on with sth．可互換。
After they had read the text，the students went on to do the exercises．
The students went on talking and laughing all the way． 一路上學(xué)生們一直有說有笑。
After a rest，we went on with our lesson＝After a rest,we went on having our lesson.
go out / be out / put out
go out：熄滅（自然熄滅，無被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）。
be out：熄滅（表示狀態(tài)）。
put out：撲滅。
The light went out suddenly, and it has been out for quite a long time.
The big forest fire was put out at last.
Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to go out.
（沒人注意到小偷溜進(jìn)了房子里，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)燈剛好熄滅。）
When the firefights arrived, the fire had gone out / been put out.
（消防隊(duì)員到達(dá)時(shí)，火已經(jīng)熄滅/被撲滅。）
go to school / go to the school
go to school去上學(xué)
go to the school 到學(xué)校
Li Hua went to school at seven this morning. An hour later, his father also went to the school for a meeting. （李華今天早上7點(diǎn)上學(xué)，一小時(shí)后他父親也去了學(xué)校，要開會(huì)。）
類似用法的短語：go to church / go to the church / be in hospital / be in the hospital等。
We had to go to the church to get Joan, who went to church without her cell phone, for it was urgent. （我們只好去教堂叫瓊，她去禮拜，沒有帶手機(jī)，事情又緊急。）
I am going to the hospital to see Tom, for he is in hospital.我要去醫(yī)院看湯姆，他在住院。
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