最新的研究結果表明，人類會本能地利用情感去促進道德行為的產(chǎn)生。
Mary Helen Immordino-Yang, Ed. D., a researcher at the University of Southern California, found that individuals who were told stories designed to evoke compassion and admiration for virtue sometimes reported that they felt a physical sensation in response.
美國南加州大學的研究員Mary Helen Immordino-Yang發(fā)現(xiàn)當被試驗人講述旨在喚醒同情和欽佩等美德的故事時，講述者會有感覺到一種生理上的反應。
These psycho-physical “pangs” of emotion are very real — they’re detectable with brain scans — and may be evidence that pro-social behavior is part of human survival.
這種心理-生理的聯(lián)動感覺是一種可以被腦部掃描所探知的真實感覺，并且可以作為親社會行為是人類生存中的組成部分的證據(jù)。
Immordino-Yang’s hypothesis, borne out thus far by her research, is that the feeling or emotional reactions in the body may sometimes prompt introspection, and can ultimately promote moral choices and motivation to help or emulate others.Immordino-Yang的理論迄今已經(jīng)被證實了，該理論表明這種心理在生理上的反應在某種程度上促進了人的自我反省，最終促使人們作出了符合道德的選擇并且給人們以幫助和模仿別人的動機。
“These emotions are foundational for morality and social learning. They have the power to change the course of your very life,” Immordino-Yang said.
“這些情感是社會道德和學習的基礎。他們具備改變你人生歷程的力量。"Immordino-Yang說。
The study may be found in the journal Emotion Review.
在《Emotion Review》雜志中刊載了該項研究。
During the study, Immordino-Yang observed several instances that support the mental-physical-moral connection.
在這項研究中，Immordino-Yang觀察了幾位實驗者，其結果支持了這種心理-生理的聯(lián)動作用。
In one instance, a participant responded to a story of a little boy’s selflessness toward his mother by reporting that he felt like there was a “balloon or something under my sternum, inflating and moving up and out.”
在其中的一個例子中，一個參與者在閱讀了一個小男孩對于母親無私的故事之后，報告說感覺到似乎“有一個氣球或是類似的東西在我胸腔，不斷膨脹上升，最后沖出胸腔。”
While pondering this physical sensation, the participant paused for a moment and considered his own relationship with his parents. Ultimately, he voiced a promise to express more gratitude toward them.
當參與者思考其所體會到得生理感受之時，他停頓了一會去思考自己與其父母的關系。最終，他做出了一個對父母表達更多感謝的承諾。
Researchers noted similar reactions to varying degrees in the test’s other participants.
研究人員在測試其他參與者的時候注意到了類似的情況。
Immordino-Yang’s team has performed about 50 of these qualitative analyses in Beijing and at USC. The researchers provide the emotional story, then record the participant’s reaction, and also use brain scans to record the physiological response.
Immordino-Yang的團隊在北京和南加州大學進行了大學50次定性的實驗分析。研究者首先提供一個富有情感的故事，然后記錄下參與者的反應，并且同時利用大腦掃描技術記錄下生理反應。
“It’s a systematic but naturalistic way to induce these emotions,” Immordino-Yang said. After being told an emotional true story during a private, taped interview, the participant is simply asked to describe how he or she feels.
“這是一種系統(tǒng)的，但是自然的誘發(fā)這些情感的方式，”Immordino-Yang說。在通過私人錄音采訪的方式中給參與者講述一個感人的真實故事之后，參與者被要求簡要的描述他（她）的感受。
Immordino-Yang said she isn’t surprised at the findings, though she is excited by them.
Immordino-Yang說她雖然對結果感到很興奮，但是并不感覺到意外。
“We are an intensely social species,” she said. “Our very biology is a social one. For centuries poets have described so-called gut feelings during social emotions. Now we are uncovering the biological evidence.”
“我們人類有著強烈的社會屬性，”她說，“我們的生物體是一種社會單元。幾個世紀以來詩人們用‘本能直覺’在描述在社會情感中的這種情況。如今我們正在揭示生物學的證據(jù)。“
Future analysis of the data her team has gathered will focus on discovering to what degree culture and individual styles and experiences influence these reactions, as well as how they develop in children and how they can be promoted by education.她的團隊在今后對于這些實驗數(shù)據(jù)的分析將側重于發(fā)現(xiàn)什么樣的文化以及個人特征和經(jīng)歷將會在多大程度上影響這種反應，同時也試圖揭示這樣的一種反應如何在童年期間建立起來并且如何在教育中被強化。
