0.把長(zhǎng)日期轉(zhuǎn)換為短日期 Convert(char(10),getdate(),120)
1.按姓氏筆畫排序:
Select * From TableName Order By CustomerName Collate Chinese_PRC_Stroke_ci_as
2.數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)加密:
select encrypt('原始密碼')
select pwdencrypt('原始密碼')
select pwdcompare('原始密碼','加密后密碼') = 1--相同；否則不相同 encrypt('原始密碼')
select pwdencrypt('原始密碼')
select pwdcompare('原始密碼','加密后密碼') = 1--相同；否則不相同
3.取回表中字段:
declare @list varchar(1000),@sql nvarchar(1000)
select @list=@list+','+b.name from sysobjects a,syscolumns b where a.id=b.id and a.name='表A'
set @sql='select '+right(@list,len(@list)-1)+' from 表A'
exec (@sql)
4.查看硬盤分區(qū):
EXEC master..xp_fixeddrives
5.比較A,B表是否相等:
if (select checksum_agg(binary_checksum(*)) from A)
=
(select checksum_agg(binary_checksum(*)) from B)
print '相等'
else
print '不相等'
6.殺掉所有的事件探察器進(jìn)程:
DECLARE hcforeach CURSOR GLOBAL FOR SELECT 'kill '+RTRIM(spid) FROM master.dbo.sysprocesses
WHERE program_name IN('SQL profiler',N'SQL 事件探查器')
EXEC sp_msforeach_worker '?'
7.記錄搜索:
開頭到N條記錄
Select Top N * From 表
-------------------------------
N到M條記錄(要有主索引ID)
Select Top M-N * From 表 Where ID in (Select Top M ID From 表) Order by ID Desc
----------------------------------
N到結(jié)尾記錄
Select Top N * From 表 Order by ID Desc
8.如何修改數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的名稱:
sp_renamedb 'old_name', 'new_name'
9：獲取當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的所有用戶表
select Name from sysobjects where xtype='u' and status>=0
10：獲取某一個(gè)表的所有字段
select name from syscolumns where id=object_id('表名')
11：查看與某一個(gè)表相關(guān)的視圖、存儲(chǔ)過程、函數(shù)
select a.* from sysobjects a, syscomments b where a.id = b.id and b.text like '%表名%'
12：查看當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中所有存儲(chǔ)過程
select name as 存儲(chǔ)過程名稱 from sysobjects where xtype='P'
13：查詢用戶創(chuàng)建的所有數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
select * from master..sysdatabases D where sid not in(select sid from master..syslogins where name='sa')
或者
select dbid, name AS DB_NAME from master..sysdatabases where sid ＜> 0x01
14：查詢某一個(gè)表的字段和數(shù)據(jù)類型
select column_name,data_type from information_schema.columns
where table_name = '表名'
[n].[標(biāo)題]:
Select * From TableName Order By CustomerName
[n].[標(biāo)題]:
來自
http://dev.csdn.net/develop/article/83/83138.shtm一、 只復(fù)制一個(gè)表結(jié)構(gòu)，不復(fù)制數(shù)據(jù)
select top 0 * into [t1] from [t2]
二、 獲取數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中某個(gè)對(duì)象的創(chuàng)建腳本
1、 先用下面的腳本創(chuàng)建一個(gè)函數(shù)
<div><div>
if exists(select 1 from sysobjects where id=object_id('fgetscript') and objectproperty(id,'IsInlineFunction')=0)
drop function fgetscript
go
create function fgetscript(
@servername varchar(50) --服務(wù)器名
,@userid varchar(50)='sa' --用戶名,如果為nt驗(yàn)證方式,則為空
,@password varchar(50)='' --密碼
,@databasename varchar(50) --數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名稱
,@objectname varchar(250) --對(duì)象名
) returns varchar(8000)
as
begin
declare @re varchar(8000) --返回腳本
declare @srvid int,@dbsid int --定義服務(wù)器、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)集id
declare @dbid int,@tbid int --數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、表id
declare @err int,@src varchar(255), @desc varchar(255) --錯(cuò)誤處理變量
--創(chuàng)建sqldmo對(duì)象
exec @err=sp_oacreate 'sqldmo.sqlserver',@srvid output
if @err<>0 goto lberr
--連接服務(wù)器
if isnull(@userid,'')='' --如果是 Nt驗(yàn)證方式
begin
exec @err=sp_oasetproperty @srvid,'loginsecure',1
if @err<>0 goto lberr
exec @err=sp_oamethod @srvid,'connect',null,@servername
end
else
exec @err=sp_oamethod @srvid,'connect',null,@servername,@userid,@password
if @err<>0 goto lberr
--獲取數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)集
exec @err=sp_oagetproperty @srvid,'databases',@dbsid output
if @err<>0 goto lberr
--獲取要取得腳本的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)id
exec @err=sp_oamethod @dbsid,'item',@dbid output,@databasename
if @err<>0 goto lberr
--獲取要取得腳本的對(duì)象id
exec @err=sp_oamethod @dbid,'getobjectbyname',@tbid output,@objectname
if @err<>0 goto lberr
--取得腳本
exec @err=sp_oamethod @tbid,'script',@re output
if @err<>0 goto lberr
--print @re
return(@re)
lberr:
exec sp_oageterrorinfo NULL, @src out, @desc out
declare @errb varbinary(4)
set @errb=cast(@err as varbinary(4))
exec master..xp_varbintohexstr @errb,@re out
set @re='錯(cuò)誤號(hào): '+@re
+char(13)+'錯(cuò)誤源: '+@src
+char(13)+'錯(cuò)誤描述: '+@desc
return(@re)
end
go
</div></div>
2、 用法如下
用法如下,
<div><div>
print dbo.fgetscript('服務(wù)器名','用戶名','密碼','數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名','表名或其它對(duì)象名')
</div></div>
3、 如果要獲取庫(kù)里所有對(duì)象的腳本，如如下方式
<div><div>
declare @name varchar(250)
declare #aa cursor for
select name from sysobjects where xtype not in('S','PK','D','X','L')
open #aa
fetch next from #aa into @name
while @@fetch_status=0
begin
print dbo.fgetscript('onlytiancai','sa','sa','database',@name)
fetch next from #aa into @name
end
close #aa
deallocate #aa
</div></div>
4、 聲明，此函數(shù)是csdn鄒建鄒老大提供的
三、 分隔字符串
如果有一個(gè)用逗號(hào)分割開的字符串，比如說"a,b,c,d,1,2,3,4"，如何用t-sql獲取這個(gè)字符串有幾個(gè)元素，獲取第幾個(gè)元素的值是多少呢？因?yàn)閠-sql里沒有split函數(shù)，也沒有數(shù)組的概念，所以只能自己寫幾個(gè)函數(shù)了。
1、 獲取元素個(gè)數(shù)的函數(shù)
<div><div>
create function getstrarrlength (@str varchar(8000))
returns int
as
begin
declare @int_return int
declare @start int
declare @next int
declare @location int
select @str =','+ @str +','
select @str=replace(@str,',,',',')
select @start =1
select @next =1
select @location = charindex(',',@str,@start)
while (@location <>0)
begin
select @start = @location +1
select @location = charindex(',',@str,@start)
select @next =@next +1
end
select @int_return = @next-2
return @int_return
end
</div></div>
2、 獲取指定索引的值的函數(shù)
<div><div>
create function getstrofindex (@str varchar(8000),@index int =0)
returns varchar(8000)
as
begin
declare @str_return varchar(8000)
declare @start int
declare @next int
declare @location int
select @start =1
select @next =1 --如果習(xí)慣從0開始則select @next =0
select @location = charindex(',',@str,@start)
while (@location <>0 and @index > @next )
begin
select @start = @location +1
select @location = charindex(',',@str,@start)
select @next =@next +1
end
if @location =0 select @location =len(@str)+1 --如果是因?yàn)闆]有逗號(hào)退出，則認(rèn)為逗號(hào)在字符串后
select @str_return = substring(@str,@start,@location -@start) --@start肯定是逗號(hào)之后的位置或者就是初始值1
if (@index <> @next ) select @str_return = '' --如果二者不相等，則是因?yàn)槎禾?hào)太少，或者@index小于@next的初始值1。
return @str_return
end
</div></div>
3、 測(cè)試
<div><div>
SELECT [dbo].[getstrarrlength]('1,2,3,4,a,b,c,d')
SELECT [dbo].[getstrofindex]('1,2,3,4,a,b,c,d',5)
</div></div>
四、 一條語(yǔ)句執(zhí)行跨越若干個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
我要在一條語(yǔ)句里操作不同的服務(wù)器上的不同的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)里的不同的表,怎么辦呢?
第一種方法:
<div><div>
select * from OPENDATASOURCE('SQLOLEDB','Data Source=遠(yuǎn)程ip;User ID=sa;Password=密碼').庫(kù)名.dbo.表名
</div></div>
第二種方法:
先使用聯(lián)結(jié)服務(wù)器:
<div><div>
EXEC sp_addlinkedserver '別名','','MSDASQL',NULL,NULL,'DRIVER={SQL Server};SERVER=遠(yuǎn)程名;UID=用戶;PWD=密碼;'
exec sp_addlinkedsrvlogin @rmtsrvname='別名',@useself='false',@locallogin='sa',@rmtuser='sa',@rmtpassword='密碼'
GO
</div></div>
然后你就可以如下：
<div><div>
select * from 別名.庫(kù)名.dbo.表名
insert 庫(kù)名.dbo.表名 select * from 別名.庫(kù)名.dbo.表名
select * into 庫(kù)名.dbo.新表名 from 別名.庫(kù)名.dbo.表名
go
</div></div>
五、 怎樣獲取一個(gè)表中所有的字段信息
蛙蛙推薦：怎樣獲取一個(gè)表中所有字段的信息
先創(chuàng)建一個(gè)視圖
<div><div>
Create view fielddesc
as
select o.name as table_name,c.name as field_name,t.name as type,c.length as
length,c.isnullable as isnullable,convert(varchar(30),p.value) as desp
from syscolumns c
join systypes t on c.xtype = t.xusertype
join sysobjects o on o.id=c.id
left join sysproperties p on p.smallid=c.colid and p.id=o.id
where o.xtype='U'
</div></div>
查詢時(shí):
<div><div>
Select * from fielddesc where table_name = '你的表名'</div></div>
還有個(gè)更強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)句，是鄒建寫的，也寫出來吧
<div><div>
SELECT
(case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else '' end) N'表名',
a.colorder N'字段序號(hào)',
a.name N'字段名',
(case when COLUMNPROPERTY( a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '√'else '' end) N'標(biāo)識(shí)',
(case when (SELECT count(*)
FROM sysobjects
WHERE (name in
(SELECT name
FROM sysindexes
WHERE (id = a.id) AND (indid in
(SELECT indid
FROM sysindexkeys
WHERE (id = a.id) AND (colid in
(SELECT colid
FROM syscolumns
WHERE (id = a.id) AND (name = a.name))))))) AND
(xtype = 'PK'))>0 then '√' else '' end) N'主鍵',
b.name N'類型',
a.length N'占用字節(jié)數(shù)',
COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION') as N'長(zhǎng)度',
isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0) as N'小數(shù)位數(shù)',
(case when a.isnullable=1 then '√'else '' end) N'允許空',
isnull(e.text,'') N'默認(rèn)值',
isnull(g.[value],'') AS N'字段說明'
--into ##tx
FROM syscolumns a left join systypes b
on a.xtype=b.xusertype
inner join sysobjects d
on a.id=d.id and d.xtype='U' and d.name<>'dtproperties'
left join syscomments e
on a.cdefault=e.id
left join sysproperties g
on a.id=g.id AND a.colid = g.smallid
order by object_name(a.id),a.colorder
</div></div>
六、 時(shí)間格式轉(zhuǎn)換問題
因?yàn)樾麻_發(fā)的軟件需要用一些舊軟件生成的一些數(shù)據(jù)，在時(shí)間格式上不統(tǒng)一，只能手工轉(zhuǎn)換，研究了一下午寫了三條語(yǔ)句，以前沒怎么用過convert函數(shù)和case語(yǔ)句，還有"+"操作符在不同上下文環(huán)境也會(huì)起到不同的作用，把我搞暈了要，不過現(xiàn)在看來是差不多弄好了。
1、把所有"70.07.06"這樣的值變成"1970-07-06"
<div><div>
UPDATE lvshi
SET shengri = '19' + REPLACE(shengri, '.', '-')
WHERE (zhiyezheng = '139770070153')</div></div>
2、在"1970-07-06"里提取"70","07","06"
<div><div>
SELECT SUBSTRING(shengri, 3, 2) AS year, SUBSTRING(shengri, 6, 2) AS month,
SUBSTRING(shengri, 9, 2) AS day
FROM lvshi
WHERE (zhiyezheng = '139770070153')
</div></div>
3、把一個(gè)時(shí)間類型字段轉(zhuǎn)換成"1970-07-06"
<div><div>
UPDATE lvshi
SET shenling = CONVERT(varchar(4), YEAR(shenling))
+ '-' + CASE WHEN LEN(MONTH(shenling)) = 1 THEN '0' + CONVERT(varchar(2),
month(shenling)) ELSE CONVERT(varchar(2), month(shenling))
END + '-' + CASE WHEN LEN(day(shenling)) = 1 THEN '0' + CONVERT(char(2),
day(shenling)) ELSE CONVERT(varchar(2), day(shenling)) END
WHERE (zhiyezheng = '139770070153')
</div></div>
七、 分區(qū)視圖
分區(qū)視圖是提高查詢性能的一個(gè)很好的辦法
<div><div>
--看下面的示例
--示例表
create table tempdb.dbo.t_10(
id int primary key check(id between 1 and 10),name varchar(10))
create table pubs.dbo.t_20(
id int primary key check(id between 11 and 20),name varchar(10))
create table northwind.dbo.t_30(
id int primary key check(id between 21 and 30),name varchar(10))
go
--分區(qū)視圖
create view v_t
as
select * from tempdb.dbo.t_10
union all
select * from pubs.dbo.t_20
union all
select * from northwind.dbo.t_30
go
--插入數(shù)據(jù)
insert v_t select 1 ,'aa'
union all select 2 ,'bb'
union all select 11,'cc'
union all select 12,'dd'
union all select 21,'ee'
union all select 22,'ff'
--更新數(shù)據(jù)
update v_t set name=name+'_更新' where right(id,1)=1
--刪除測(cè)試
delete from v_t where right(id,1)=2
--顯示結(jié)果
select * from v_t
go
--刪除測(cè)試
drop table northwind.dbo.t_30,pubs.dbo.t_20,tempdb.dbo.t_10
drop view v_t
/**//*--測(cè)試結(jié)果
id name
----------- ----------
1 aa_更新
11 cc_更新
21 ee_更新
（所影響的行數(shù)為 3 行）
==*/
</div></div>
八、 樹型的實(shí)現(xiàn)
<div><div>
--參考
--樹形數(shù)據(jù)查詢示例
--作者: 鄒建
--示例數(shù)據(jù)
create table [tb]([id] int identity(1,1),[pid] int,name varchar(20))
insert [tb] select 0,'中國(guó)'
union all select 0,'美國(guó)'
union all select 0,'加拿大'
union all select 1,'北京'
union all select 1,'上海'
union all select 1,'江蘇'
union all select 6,'蘇州'
union all select 7,'常熟'
union all select 6,'南京'
union all select 6,'無錫'
union all select 2,'紐約'
union all select 2,'舊金山'
go
--查詢指定id的所有子
create function f_cid(
@id int
)returns @re table([id] int,[level] int)
as
begin
declare @l int
set @l=0
insert @re select @id,@l
while @@rowcount>0
begin
set @l=@l+1
insert @re select a.[id],@l
from [tb] a,@re b
where a.[pid]=b.[id] and b.[level]=@l-1
end
/**//**//**//*--如果只顯示最明細(xì)的子(下面沒有子),則加上這個(gè)刪除
delete a from @re a
where exists(
select 1 from [tb] where [pid]=a.[id])
--*/
return
end
go
--調(diào)用(查詢所有的子)
select a.*,層次=b.[level] from [tb] a,f_cid(2)b where a.[id]=b.[id]
go
--刪除測(cè)試
drop table [tb]
drop function f_cid
go
</div></div>
九、 排序問題
<div><div>
CREATE TABLE [t] (
[id] [int] IDENTITY (1, 1) NOT NULL ,
[GUID] [uniqueidentifier] NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO</div></div>
下面這句執(zhí)行5次
<div><div>
insert t values (newid())</div></div>
查看執(zhí)行結(jié)果
<div><div>
select * from t</div></div>
1、 第一種
<div><div>
select * from t
order by case id when 4 then 1
when 5 then 2
when 1 then 3
when 2 then 4
when 3 then 5 end</div></div>
2、 第二種
<div><div>
select * from t order by (id+2)%6</div></div>
3、 第三種
<div><div>
select * from t order by charindex(cast(id as varchar),'45123')</div></div>
4、 第四種
<div><div>
select * from t
WHERE id between 0 and 5
order by charindex(cast(id as varchar),'45123')</div></div>
5、 第五種
<div><div>
select * from t order by case when id >3 then id-5 else id end</div></div>
6、 第六種
<div><div>
select * from t order by id / 4 desc,id asc</div></div>
十、 一條語(yǔ)句刪除一批記錄
首先id列是int標(biāo)識(shí)類類型，然后刪除ID值為5,6,8,9,10,11的列，這里的cast函數(shù)不能用convert函數(shù)代替，而且轉(zhuǎn)換的類型必須是varchar，而不能是char，否則就會(huì)執(zhí)行出你不希望的結(jié)果，這里的"5,6,8,9,10,11"可以是你在頁(yè)面上獲取的一個(gè)chkboxlist構(gòu)建成的值，然后用下面的一句就全部刪
除了，比循環(huán)用多條語(yǔ)句高效吧應(yīng)該。
<div><div>
delete from [fujian] where charindex(','+cast([id] as varchar)+',',','+'5,6,8,9,10,11,'+',')>0</div></div>
還有一種就是
<div><div>
delete from table1 where id in(1,2,3,4
)</div></div>
