腰椎滑脫癥，按Wiltes分類法分為五型：
Ⅰ型：發(fā)育不良型。是骶1上關(guān)節(jié)突或腰5椎弓先天性缺損，無法阻止腰5椎向前滑脫。
?、蛐停簫{部型。是峽部(上、下關(guān)節(jié)突間)應(yīng)力骨折或延長，使上關(guān)節(jié)突與上位腰椎一起前移。
Ⅲ型：退變型。由于長期退變，使關(guān)節(jié)突和椎間盤不穩(wěn)，而發(fā)生滑脫，但滑脫的程度都較輕。
?、粜停簞?chuàng)傷型。是急性外傷致椎弓根、椎板、關(guān)節(jié)突骨折，此型少見。
?、跣停翰±硇汀槿硇约膊∪绯晒遣蝗?、畸形骨炎等。
Degenerative Spondylolisthesis
退變性腰椎滑脫
Degenerative spondylolisthesis is a condition in which one vertebral body slips forward on top of the vertebral body below it, as a result of aging processes that weaken the spine. As a person ages, spinal discs tend to weaken and dry out, leading to arthritis that weakens the ligaments and joints of the spine.
退變性腰椎滑脫是一個椎體在另一個椎體上方向前滑動的一種病癥。這是由于年老使脊柱衰退所致。人老后，脊柱的椎間盤逐漸脫水變性，導(dǎo)致關(guān)節(jié)炎使脊柱的韌帶和關(guān)節(jié)功能減退。
As the facet joints at the back of the spine weaken, a vertebra may slip forward over the one below it. Degenerative spondylolisthesis occurs most frequently at the L4-L5 or L3-L4 segments of the spine, though it can occur at one to three levels simultaneously, and rarely in the cervical spine.
隨著脊柱后方的關(guān)節(jié)突關(guān)節(jié)衰退，一個椎體可能在另一個椎體上方向前滑動。退變性腰椎滑脫最常見于腰4/5 或腰3/4節(jié)段。當(dāng)然也可能1～3個節(jié)段同時發(fā)生，但在頸椎較少。
Many people do not have symptoms from degenerative spondylolisthesis. The most common source of pain from degenerative spondylolisthesis comes from a narrowing of the spinal canal. When the vertebra slips forward, it can compress nerve roots and cause low back pain or radiating pain.
許多有退變性腰椎滑脫的人沒有癥狀。退變性腰椎滑脫引起疼痛最常見的根源是椎管的狹窄。當(dāng)椎體向前滑時，會壓迫神經(jīng)，引起腰痛和放射痛。
Patients may also have a tired feeling in the legs or difficulty walking as a result of pinched nerves or tight hamstrings. Degenerative spondylolisthesis is linked to a number of other conditions, including arthritis and degenerative disc disease. Understanding its causes and symptoms is important to developing a treatment program with a doctor.
由于神經(jīng)受壓和肌腱緊張，病人會感覺下肢乏力，行走困難。退變性腰椎滑脫還與一些其它病癥相關(guān)，包括關(guān)節(jié)炎和退變性椎間盤疾患。了解病因及癥狀對于和醫(yī)生一起制定治療計劃很重要。
（高晨珉 轉(zhuǎn)）
