大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞有三個等級：
1)原級，即原形。
2)比較級，表示“較……”或“更……一些”的意思。
3)最高級，表示“最……”的意思。
1.形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成
(1)規(guī)則變化
單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞 一般在詞尾加-er或-est
cold colder coldest
strong stronger strongest
fast faster fastest
slow slow slowest
以字母e結(jié)尾的形容詞，加-r或-st
nice nicer nicest
large larger largest
重讀閉音節(jié)詞只有一個輔音字母時，應(yīng)先雙寫輔音字母，再加-er或-est
big bigger biggest
thin thinner thinnest
以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，先改“y”為“i”，再加-er或-est
easy esaier easiest
happy happier happiest
多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞 在詞前加more或most
delicious more delicious most delicious
interesting more interesting most interting
【注意】：其中第三條在初中階段主要有以下幾個形容詞：big, red, wet, hot, fat, thin, fit。
因此，我們可按其漢語意思記為：大、紅、濕、熱、胖、瘦、合適。
(2)不規(guī)則變化
good/well better best
bad/badly worse worst
much/many more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
（1）原級的用法
①表示程度的副詞very， so， too， enough， quite等修飾時用形容詞原級
The film is too boring. 這部電影太無聊了。
( ) The bag of rice is ________heavy for Tom to carry. Let's go and help him.
A．too B．so C．very D．much
( ) Some students are so ________ that they often make mistakes in their homework.
A．careful B．serious C．careless D．Successful
②表示兩者在某一方面相同或不同時用原級。表示相同或相等時，用“A...+as+原級+as+B”，表示“A與B一樣……”。即“A=B”。
My friend is as tall as her mother. 我的朋友和她媽媽一樣高。
( ) Don’t just believe the advertisement. That medicine is _____ it says.
A. not as good as B. as well as C. not as well as D. as good as
2.形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的用法
①比較級：表示兩者（人或事物）的比較
通常有“形容詞（副詞）比較級+than+…”構(gòu)成，表示一方比另一方更加…
Mr. King is taller than Mr. Read .
This mooncake is nicer than that one。
The film was less funny than the book.電影沒有書有趣。
②有表示程度的副詞much,a lot, a little, a bit,even (兩多兩少一甚至)等修飾時，用形容詞或副詞的比較級。
It is even colder today. 今天甚至更冷了。
③表示“兩者之間進(jìn)行選擇哪一個更……”時，用“Which/Who +比較級，A or B?”表示。
Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth? 哪個離太陽更近，月亮還是地球？
-Who plays the violin _______,Tom or Jack? —Tom. But he gave the chance to Jack.
A.well B.better C.best D.the best
④“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. 我們的城市變得越來越漂亮了。
( )—The relation between the two countries gets _________. A war seems to br
eak out soon .
--I hope they will make peace with each other .
A. worse and worse B. better and better C. more and more peaceful
⑤“the+比較級...，the+比較級...”表示“越……，就越……”。
The more fruit you eat, the healthier you are. 吃的水果越多，你就越健康。
( ) — Can you tell me why you learn English so well?
— It’s very simple. ____you work, ____ grades you will get.
A. The harder; the best B. The hard; the better C. Harder; better D. The harder; the better
⑥表示幾倍于……時，用倍數(shù)+比較級+than表示。
This classroom is two times bigger than that one.這間教室比那間大2倍。
⑦形容詞比較級結(jié)構(gòu)可以表示最高級含義。
He is taller than any other boy.他比其他男孩都高。
—Everyone knows Canada is the second largest country in the world.
—That is, it is larger than _______ country in Asia.
A. any B. any other C. other D. another
最高級：表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比較，其中有一個在某一方面超過其他幾個時，用最高級。最高級的前面一般要加定冠詞the。后面可帶of / in 短語來說明比較的范圍。
She is the youngest in the class.
The taxi is going the fastest.
Mr. Qin is walking the slowest of all.
①表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中進(jìn)行比較時，用最高級形式。形容詞最高級前必須加定冠詞the。句末常跟一個in/of 短語來表示范圍。即“A+...the+最高級+of/ in/ ...”來表示“在某范圍內(nèi)A最……”。
This picture is the best of all. 這幅畫是所有的畫中最好的。
Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 上海是中國最美麗的城市之—。
Our city is one of the safest cities in the world. 我們城市是世界上最安全的城市之—。
--Which country is your favorite, Lin Tao？
--France, of course. It’s the _______ place that I want to visit.
A. worst B. better C. best
－Of the three TV programs, which one do you think is ________?
－I think A Bite of China is.
A. interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting
②表示“在三者或三者以上的人或物中進(jìn)行選擇”時，用句型“Which/Who is the +最高級， A， B or C?”表示。
Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 湯姆、凱特、比爾，誰最高？
Which season do you like (the) best, spring, summer or autumn?
你最喜歡哪個季節(jié)，春天、夏天還是秋天？
③表示“……是最……之一”時，用“A+...one of the+最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。
Jay Zhou is one of the most popular singers.周杰倫是最受歡迎的歌手之一。
④表示第幾最……。用“A+...the+序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級+名詞單數(shù)+in+范圍”意為“A是某范圍內(nèi)第幾……的……”
She is the second tallest girl in our class. 她是我們班第二高女生。
⑤形容詞最高級前面可以有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等修飾，但此時不能再加定冠詞the。
She is my best friend. 她是我最好的朋友。
