Liferay is no longer dependent on EJBs and can be deployed on a standalone servlet container. All business logic is concentrated inside POJO implementations that are looked up and instantiated by Spring. These implementations can be modified or enhanced via Spring‘s AOP and IOC capabilities.
Liferay不再依賴于EJB,它完全可以單獨(dú)裝配到一個(gè)servlet容器(如:Tomcat,JBoss等)中。而所有的業(yè)務(wù)邏輯都通過(guò)Spring管理的POJO來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。這樣的實(shí)現(xiàn)利益于Spring的AOP各IOC特性。The enterprise release of the portal wraps the POJO implementations with Session EJBs to provide heavy scaling and transaction support required by large sites. The professional release of the portal calls the POJO implementations directly to provide a light weight facade.
但在POJO的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法上Liferay的兩個(gè)版本有所不同,企業(yè)版(enterprise)中通過(guò)EJB從而為大站點(diǎn)提供了高擴(kuò)展性各良好的事務(wù)支持能力(如集群),而專業(yè)版(professiona)直接通過(guò)輕量級(jí)的接口完成。All data is persisted using Hibernate and is called through the POJO implementations. Liferay used to rely on CMP technology to achieve persistence, but switched over to Hibernate because of its raw speed and flexibility. Liferay is database agnostic and can run on a variety of popular
databases.
所有的業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)都通過(guò)Hibernate來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)并通過(guò)POJO來(lái)調(diào)用。Liferay曾經(jīng)使用CMP技術(shù).來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)持久層,但后來(lái)因速度及靈活性等原因改用Hibernate。在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)方面,Liferay也完全兼容大多數(shù)主流類型DB。Liferay uses JAAS Web security so that when a user logs in, their principal is propogated to the Servlet and EJB tiers.
Remote Session EJBs can take advantage of this by checking security and permissions at the EJB level so it does not have be duplicated else where.
Local Session EJBs exposes business logic to other Session EJBs and does not specifically check for security since they cannot be called remotely. Principals are also propagated to POJO implementations that are the base classes for
Remote Session EJBs.
Liferay使用JAAS來(lái)完成用戶認(rèn)證安全管理,好處是當(dāng)一個(gè)用戶登錄后,它的安全屬性可以在Servlet和EJB層中沿用,真正作到系統(tǒng)級(jí)的SSO。具體講,遠(yuǎn)程EJB可以沿用安全檢查及權(quán)限屬性,本地的EJB是為其它EJB提供業(yè)務(wù)邏輯服務(wù)的,不能被遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)用所以也不必做此類檢查;安全原則也派生到POJO實(shí)現(xiàn)中,而這此實(shí)現(xiàn)其實(shí)是遠(yuǎn)程EJB的基礎(chǔ)類。The enterprise release uses Session EJBs which allows the deployer to separate the Web server, EJB server, and database server to achieve clustering at three levels. This is true n-tier deploying because no one is forced to cluster at any single layer and allows the most flexibility for large companies.
企業(yè)版式使用EJB,所以系統(tǒng)分別可以在WEB服務(wù)器、EJB服務(wù)器、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)器三層中實(shí)現(xiàn)集群。當(dāng)然在n層的系統(tǒng)中,集群也保持優(yōu)勢(shì),而且在每一層都并不強(qiáng)迫使用集群,這些都為大企業(yè)應(yīng)用提供了極好的彈性選擇權(quán)。Most of our EJBs, HBMs, and Models are generated through the ant task
build-ejb which reads the file
ejb.xml in /portal-ejb. Each portlet that persist data has its own ejb.xml (do a search in /portal-ejb and you will get a list back). We copy this file to /portal-ejb when we want to generate the persistence classes for that portlet. This is an internal tool that is built on top of the XDoclet engine.
系統(tǒng)中的EJB、HBM、以及模式Model者是ant執(zhí)行build-ejb任務(wù)時(shí),通過(guò)讀取目錄/portal-ejb下的ejb.xml文件,然后自動(dòng)生成的。每個(gè)有持久層對(duì)象的門(mén)戶單元(portlet)都有自己的ejb.xml文件(可以在/portal-ejb下搜索得到清單)。當(dāng)需要生成持久層的類時(shí),就把文件復(fù)制到/portal-ejb下,這生成工具是建立在XDoclet之上的。For example, upon reading ejb.xml found in the Bookmarks portlet, the following model classes are generated. Each model class reflects a table in the database. Never edit BookmarksEntryModel. Do edit BookmarksEntry to add hand massaged code. BookmarksEntry is generated once and extends BookmarksEntryModel. This allows us the ease of generated code and flexibility of hand massaged code.
例如:通過(guò)讀取Bookmarks門(mén)戶單元的ejb.xml文件配置后,自動(dòng)生成下列的模式類。每個(gè)類對(duì)應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的一個(gè)表。永遠(yuǎn)不要手工修改BookmarksEntryModel類,而要通過(guò)修改BookmarksEntry,然后再更新BookmarksEntryModel內(nèi)容。這樣做的好處是減少了直接寫(xiě)代碼的工作,而只做相應(yīng)的標(biāo)記工作。com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.model.BookmarksEntrycom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.model.BookmarksEntryModelcom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.model.BookmarksFoldercom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.model.BookmarksFolderModelHibernate classes are generated that map to the model classes. This allows for an n-tier architecture for cases where your model classes are marshalled across the wire and your Hibernate classes are not.
Hibernate類是根據(jù)模式(model)類對(duì)應(yīng)生成的。這樣就可以在多層系統(tǒng)中允許模式類是可作序列化處理的,而Hibernate類則不必。com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryHBMcom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderHBMPersistence methods to add, update, delete, find, remove, and count the Hibernate entries are generated as the default persistence mechaninsm.
持久層的方法如:add, update, delete, find, remove, 以及count,系統(tǒng)都默認(rèn)自動(dòng)生成。com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryPersistencecom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderPersistenceHelper classes are generated that call the persistence methods. By default, the helper classes call the Hibernate persistence methods to update the database. You can override this in
portal.properties and set your own persistence class as long as it extends the default persistence class. This means you can customize where you store your data. It can be a traditional database, a LDAP server, or even something else.
也生成了專門(mén)的協(xié)助類(Helper classes),可以用來(lái)調(diào)用持久層方法。默認(rèn)時(shí),協(xié)助類調(diào)用Hibernate的方法來(lái)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行更新操作,但是也可以改寫(xiě)portal.properties中的配置,使用自己專用的類來(lái)完成,但這種類要求要繼承默認(rèn)的持久層類。換言之,用戶完全可以定制自己的持久層數(shù)據(jù),可以是一個(gè)正統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),或者是LDAP服務(wù)器,其它什么的。com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryUtilcom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderUtilPooling classes are also created to minimize object creation. Behavior can be modified in
portal.properties.
為了減少對(duì)象生成的成本,引入了對(duì)象池,可以通過(guò)修改portal.properties文件來(lái)控制池的基本動(dòng)作。com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryPoolcom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderPoolPOJO implementations that extend
PrincipalBean are generated to hold business logic that check the caller principal and can be called
remotely. Calling getUserId() returns the user id of the current user. Calling getUser() returns the
User model that represents the current user. The Session EJB that extends the POJO implementation implements
PrincipalSessionBean.
用來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)業(yè)務(wù)邏輯的POJO類,通過(guò)繼承PrincipalBean類,來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)有關(guān)調(diào)用者的方法,所以可以遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)用。如:調(diào)用getUserId()可以得到當(dāng)前用戶的ID;調(diào)用getUser()則返回當(dāng)前用戶的對(duì)象。EJB再繼承這類POJO,實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)用。For example, these classes allow you to delete a bookmark entry or folder if and only if you are the creator of that entry or folder.
例如:下面的類實(shí)現(xiàn)了,允許當(dāng)且公當(dāng)bookmark項(xiàng)目或目錄的生成者可以刪除它。這些對(duì)象只有在不存在時(shí)才可能被創(chuàng)建。These classes are only generated once if they do not already exist.
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryManagerImplcom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderManagerImplHelper classes are generated based on the POJO implementations. They help save developer time and prevent polluted code. Instead of writing many lines of code just to look up the appropriate Session EJB wrapper or POJO implementation, you simply call BookmarksEntryManagerUtil.addEntry to call the equivalent method in BookmarksEntryManagerImpl.addEntry.
協(xié)助類(Helper classes)是在POJO的實(shí)現(xiàn)基礎(chǔ)上生成的。它可以節(jié)約開(kāi)發(fā)者的工作,不必書(shū)寫(xiě)很多行的代碼,而只要簡(jiǎn)單的找到合適的EJB wrapper或POJO實(shí)現(xiàn),通過(guò)調(diào)用BookmarksEntryManagerUtil.addEntry來(lái)間接調(diào)用相應(yīng)的BookmarksEntryManagerImpl.addEntry方法就可以了。BookmarksEntryManagerUtil calls BookmarksFolderManagerFactory to look up the class that implements BookmarksEntryManager. BookmarksFolderManagerFactory defers to Spring and settings in
portal.properties on whether to load the Session EJB wrapper or the plain POJO implementation. The Session EJB extends the POJO implementation.
BookmarksEntryManagerUtil通過(guò)調(diào)用BookmarksFolderManagerFactory來(lái)查找實(shí)現(xiàn)BookmarksEntryManager的類。也正是通過(guò)BookmarksFolderManagerFactory來(lái)識(shí)別Spring和portal.properties中的配置來(lái)決定要是載入EJB wrapper還是POJO實(shí)現(xiàn)。com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryManagercom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryManagerEJBcom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryManagerEJBImplcom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryManagerFactorycom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryManagerHomecom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryManagerUtilcom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderManagercom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderManagerEJBcom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderManagerEJBImplcom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderManagerFactorycom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderManagerHomecom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderManagerUtilTunneling classes are generated so that developers can call the POJO implementations over port 80. An example of this given in the section V of this document.
隧道類(Tunneling classes)是用來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)通過(guò)80端口來(lái)調(diào)用POJO的。在本文檔的第V部分有一個(gè)例子。com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryManagerHttpcom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderManagerHttpSoap classes are generated so that developers can call the POJO implementations over port 80. Soap is slower than tunneling because tunneling streams requests in binary format. Soap is more flexible than tunneling because the client classes are not limited to Java.
Soap類也是用來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)通過(guò)80端口來(lái)調(diào)用POJO的。雖然與隧道類相比Soap類在速度上要差一點(diǎn),原因是隧道類使用二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)流。但Soap類用靈活,可以適用各種客戶端(不局限于Java)。com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryManagerSoapcom.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderManagerSoapPOJO implementations classes that do
not extend
PrincipalBean are generated to hold business logic that do
not check the caller principal and can be called
locally. These classes exist so that business logic can be easily integrated with other projects.
當(dāng)?shù)氐?/span>POJO為類實(shí)現(xiàn),并不繼承PrincipalBean類,實(shí)現(xiàn)業(yè)務(wù)邏輯時(shí)也不檢驗(yàn)調(diào)用者的身份。這種類使得可以更容易地與其它的項(xiàng)目集成。
These classes are only generated once if they do not already exist.
這些類只有在檢驗(yàn)到不存在時(shí)才會(huì)被創(chuàng)建。
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryLocalManagerImpl
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderLocalManagerImpl
Helper classes are also generated.
同時(shí)協(xié)助類也生成了。
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryLocalManager
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryLocalManagerEJB
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryLocalManagerEJBImpl
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryLocalManagerFactory
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryLocalManagerHome
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryLocalManagerUtil
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderLocalManager
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderLocalManagerEJB
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderLocalManagerEJBImpl
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderLocalManagerFactory
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderLocalManagerHome
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderLocalManagerUtil
Some of our users needed to call the Local Manager classes remotely, so Remote Manager classes that parallel their Local counterparts are also generated.
但總有一些用戶需要調(diào)用引種當(dāng)?shù)仡悾谑峭耆鄬?duì)應(yīng)的遠(yuǎn)程類也應(yīng)用而生了。
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryRemoteManager
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryRemoteManagerEJB
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryRemoteManagerEJBImpl
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryRemoteManagerFactory
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryRemoteManagerHome
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksEntryRemoteManagerUtil
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderRemoteManager
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderRemoteManagerEJB
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderRemoteManagerEJBImpl
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderRemoteManagerFactory
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderRemoteManagerHome
com.liferay.portlet.bookmarks.ejb.BookmarksFolderRemoteManagerUtil
A lot of people stay away from Session EJBs because they are heavy and require a lot of coding. Our build scripts show that you can leverage the advantages of Session EJBs while minimizing repetitive labor so that you can strike a good balance between effort and results.
許多人避免使用EJB,因?yàn)樗闹亓考?jí),需要大量的代碼工作。Liferay的自動(dòng)生成腳本可以使得,既不損失EJB的優(yōu)點(diǎn),而且還最小化重復(fù)的代碼等工作,從而你可以在努力與結(jié)果之間找到一個(gè)良好的平衡點(diǎn)。
Spring gives Liferay additional flexibility. Developers can test their POJO implementations with Liferay Portal Professional in a servlet container and deploy to production with Liferay Portal Enterprise in an application server.