原創(chuàng) 2014年01月09日 01:10:23
招著官方教程一步步做
主要函數(shù)或步驟：
WSAStartup, 初始化，WSACleanup，結(jié)束
socket(, ,) 構(gòu)造函數(shù)，要有socket的instance才能實現(xiàn)傳輸
send()
recv()
listen(), server端開始要監(jiān)聽自己的端口號有沒有被連接
bind()，server的用來listen（）的socket綁定address
accept()，如果沒有client要連接，server在調(diào)用時就阻塞，有client要連接，就從這個要連接的隊列里取出然后accept，然后server產(chǎn)生一個新的socket，而之前在listen（）的socket是和這個不一樣的，微軟為何要弄兩個socket出來呢，網(wǎng)上有一些解釋，似乎是為了使用時更清楚一點
全部代碼再后面可以直接找到
運行：先運行server的exe，再運行client的exe
這樣就學(xué)會了基本的C/S傳輸
然后再加入文件操作：在server打開一個文件，從文件里讀入內(nèi)容，一個個包傳過去，一直讀到文件結(jié)束；在client創(chuàng)建一個用來接收傳輸內(nèi)容的文件，一個個包接收過來，接收過來的內(nèi)容寫在這個文件里。
以下是我用官網(wǎng)代碼修改后的文件傳輸系統(tǒng)
[cpp]
view plain copy/*server.cpp*/
#ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#endif
#include <Windows.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <WS2tcpip.h>
#include <IPHlpApi.h>
#include <cstdio>
#pragma comment (lib, "Ws2_32.lib")
#define DEFAULT_PORT "27015"
#define DEFAULT_BUFLEN 512
int main ()
{
int iResult, iSendResult;
WSADATA wsaData;
struct addrinfo *result = NULL, *ptr = NULL, hints;
char temp[DEFAULT_BUFLEN];
printf("input the file you want to transfer\n");
scanf("%s", temp);
//strcpy(temp, "input.txt");
// open file
FILE * fp = fopen(temp, "rb"); // binary mode for read
if(fp == NULL)
{
printf("open file %s failed\n", temp);
return -1;
}
if(WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData))
{
printf("server WSAStartup failed: %d\n", iResult);
return 1;
}
ZeroMemory(&hints, sizeof(hints));
hints.ai_family = AF_INET;
hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE; // caller to bind
// resolve the local address and port to be used by user
iResult = getaddrinfo(NULL, DEFAULT_PORT, &hints, &result);
if(iResult != 0)
{
printf("server getaddrinfo faild: %d\n", iResult);
WSACleanup();
return 1;
}
// create a socket for server
SOCKET ListenSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;
ListenSocket = socket(result->ai_family, result->ai_socktype, result->ai_protocol);
if(ListenSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
{
printf("server failed at socket(): %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
freeaddrinfo(result);
WSACleanup();
return 1;
}
// bind a socket
iResult = bind(ListenSocket, result->ai_addr, (int)result->ai_addrlen);
if(iResult == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("server bind faild: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
freeaddrinfo(result);
closesocket(ListenSocket);
WSACleanup();
return 1;
}
freeaddrinfo(result); // once bind, no longer needed
// listen on a socket
if(listen(ListenSocket, SOMAXCONN))
{
printf("server listen socket failed %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
closesocket(ListenSocket);
WSACleanup();
return 1;
}
// accept a connection
sockaddr_in client_addr;
int nlen;
SOCKET ClientSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;
ClientSocket = accept(ListenSocket, NULL, NULL);
if(ClientSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
{
printf("server accept failed: %ld\n",WSAGetLastError());
closesocket(ListenSocket);
WSACleanup();
return 1;
}
//char *ip = inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr);
//printf("establish connection to server %s\n", ip);
// no longer need
closesocket(ListenSocket);
// file operation and send data
int num = 0;
while(!feof(fp))
{
num = fread(temp, 1, DEFAULT_BUFLEN, fp);
send(ClientSocket, temp, num, 0);
}
printf("server file transfer success\n");
fclose(fp);
iResult = shutdown(ClientSocket, SD_SEND);
if(iResult == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("server shutdown failed %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
closesocket(ClientSocket);
WSACleanup();
return 1;
}
closesocket(ClientSocket);
WSACleanup();
return 0;
}
[cpp]
view plain copy/*client.cpp*/
//prevent winsock.h (version 1.1)from being included by windows.h
#ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#endif
#include <Windows.h>
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#include <iphlpapi.h> // after winsock2.h
#include <cstdio>
#pragma comment (lib, "Ws2_32.lib")
#pragma comment (lib, "Mswsock.lib")
#pragma comment (lib, "AdvApi32.lib")
#define DEFAULT_PORT "27015"
#define DEFAULT_BUFLEN 512
int main ()
{
int iResult;
WSADATA wsaData;
struct addrinfo *result = NULL, *ptr = NULL, hints;
char sendbuf[] = "this is a test for client";
char recvbuf[DEFAULT_BUFLEN];
int recvbuflen = DEFAULT_BUFLEN;
char temp[DEFAULT_BUFLEN], file_name[DEFAULT_BUFLEN];
printf("input ip address of server and file name\n");
scanf("%s%s", temp, file_name);
//create file
FILE *fp = fopen(file_name, "wb");
if(fp == NULL)
{
printf("create file %s failed\n", file_name);
return -1;
}
// initialize
if(WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData))
{
printf("client WSAStartup failed: %d\n", iResult);
return 1;
}
ZeroMemory(&hints, sizeof(hints));
hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
// resolve the server address and port, argv[1] is server name
iResult = getaddrinfo(temp, DEFAULT_PORT, &hints, &result);
if(iResult != 0)
{
printf("client get addrinfor fail: %d\n", iResult);
WSACleanup(); // terminate use of WS2_32.dll
return 1;
}
SOCKET ConnectSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;
for(ptr = result; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->ai_next)
{
// create a socket for client
ConnectSocket = socket(ptr->ai_family, ptr->ai_socktype, ptr->ai_protocol);
if(ConnectSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
{
printf("client socket failed with error %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
WSACleanup();
return 1;
}
// connect to server
iResult = connect(ConnectSocket, ptr->ai_addr, (int)ptr->ai_addrlen);
if(iResult == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
closesocket(ConnectSocket);
ConnectSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;// if fail try next address returned by getaddrinfo
continue;
}
break;
}
freeaddrinfo(result);
if(ConnectSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
{
printf("client unable to connect to server\n");
WSACleanup();
return 1;
}
//receive data from server
int num = 0;
while (1)
{
num = recv(ConnectSocket, temp, DEFAULT_BUFLEN, 0);
if(num == 0)
break;
fwrite(temp, 1, num, fp);
}
printf("transmission done\n");
fclose(fp);
closesocket(ConnectSocket);
WSACleanup();
return 0;
}
