盲目服從權(quán)威，別人說什么就做什么不是什么好習(xí)慣。Allen Galbraith認為獨立思考是一種隨著年齡增長必須擁有的一種能力，并且總結(jié)了他培養(yǎng)獨立思考能力的十個竅門：
- 有疑問就發(fā)問。不要害怕問問題，即便是別人都沒問過的問題。
- 經(jīng)驗比權(quán)威更重要。如果有專家、權(quán)威人士要讓你相信什么和你的實際經(jīng)驗向抵觸的東西，不要被他們嚇倒。
- 理解對方的意圖。別人找你談話的意圖是什么？他們對你所說的話有沒有什么背后的原因？
- 不要覺得你必須隨大流。
- 相信自己的感覺。如果你覺得不對頭，很可能真的有什么不對的地方。
- 保持冷靜。保持冷靜和客觀可以讓你頭腦更清醒。
- 積累事實。事實是驗證真理的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
- 從不同的角度看問題。每個事物都有其多面性，嘗試從不同的角度去認識問題解決問題。
- 設(shè)身處地。了解對方的處境才能更好的了解對方的想法。
- 勇敢。鼓勵自己站起來說“我不同意”。不要害怕，經(jīng)過磨練才能成長。
Thinking for yourself is one of those skills I had to learn as I got older. I had a really bad habit of blindly following what an authority figure would say without ever questioning the reasoning behind it. Another example would be doing something a certain way as this has always been the way it has been done. Well I have put together some strategies here that I think will help you develop your thought processes, to think in a more independent fashion. If you can think of any more methods or strategies, let me know by submitting a comment.
1) If in doubt - ask a question.
Don‘t be afraid to question things. Don‘t be afraid to offer a question even though other people in your peer group have not questioned before.
2) Place experience over authority.
If one reflects upon what the authority figure is conveying to you, does it pan out with your real life experience? For example, if someone tells you that all red heads are moody - have you experienced this in your life?
3) Understand People.
Does the person communicating with you have an agenda that might be influencing what they are telling you? What is motivating this person? Why do you think they think this way?
4) Don‘t feel you have to follow the crowd.
Remember the old adage - if Johnny put his hand in the fire does that mean you have to do that too?
5) Trust your feelings.
Trusting your "gut instinct" about something is often an over looked trait. If something does not feel right to you there is probably something wrong (or at least something seriously flawed) with what you are being told.
6) Remain calm.
Remaining calm and collected will help you remain objective and help you to think clearly. If you get caught up in a heated debated and loose your cool, your capacity for rational thinking is diminished.
7) Gather the facts.
Like any good thinker would do - gather all the facts before making a judgment. Ask yourself do you have all the facts? Are there gaps in your knowledge that is keeping me from the truth or from the solution to a problem?
8) Look at Things from Different Perspectives.
If you are trying to solve a problem - try coming at it in a different way. If one way hasn’t worked for you - try a different one! Try and see ideas or concepts from different perspectives. For example, would someone growing up in Japan think the same way about a subject as someone from Ireland?
9) Cultivate Empathy.
It is easier to understand why people think the way they do if you understand their situation. If I said "All red heads are moody and I don‘t want anything to do with them!" - there could be a reason for me to be saying this. Maybe I was bullied by a red head in school for example. Empathizing with people helps you understand that you may have a different opinion about something but that’s OK!
10) Be Brave.
It takes courage to stand up and say “I don‘t agree with you." Be kind to yourself, be patient and don‘t give up. If you want to learn how to think more independently -it does take time.
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