女人的睡眠習性與愛緊密相連
In unsurprising news, women in bad relationships have a poorer quality of sleep. Of course, maybe all these women date men who snore. A study conducted by Wendy M. Troxel, PhD from the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Pittsburgh, and colleagues, showed quality of sleep for women is associated with the stability of their romantic relationships. Women currently experiencing insecurity in their relationships may notice a negative change in their sleeping habit.
感情生活不順的女性睡眠質(zhì)量都差，這點并不奇怪。當然也許她們交往的男人都愛打呼嚕。匹茲堡大學神經(jīng)科的Wendy M.Troxel教授及其同事的研究顯示女性的睡眠質(zhì)量和她們愛情的穩(wěn)定性息息相關(guān)?，F(xiàn)階段對愛情失去安全感的女性會感到自己的睡眠習慣在變差。
The study consisted of 370 mid-life women from Chicago, IL, Detroit, MI, Pittsburgh, PA and Oakland, CA: the women self-identified themselves as Caucasian (46%), African American (38%) and Chinese (16%). All of the participants were previously involved in an 8-year longitudinal study program called SWAN, Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation. Troxel used the data collected from SWAN to track the relationship status change of the participants over the course of eight years. The sleep study was conducted over a 35-day period in the participants’ homes, following their usual sleep schedules. Troxel utilized sleep monitoring equipment to measure the patients’ length of continuous sleep, interrupted sleep, length of different stages of sleep, and body movements. Along with the recorded evidence, the participants completed sleep diaries for the entire duration of the study. The participants also completed surveys that contained questions concerning their financial strain, BMI (Body Mass Index), depressive state, menopausal status, and sleep medication use.
這項研究共有370名來自芝加哥，底特律，密西西比，匹茲堡以及奧克蘭的中年女性參與。其中據(jù)她們身份提供白人占46%，美國黑人38%以及16%的中國人。所有參與者先前都有參與一項時長八年的研究項目“天鵝”——跨國籍女性健康研究。Troxel沿用了“天鵝”的研究數(shù)據(jù)，以此來追蹤八年內(nèi)參與者感情狀態(tài)的變化。這項睡眠研究是以35天為周期的在參與者家中進行的跟蹤調(diào)查，跟蹤她們平時的睡眠時間表。Troxel運用了睡眠監(jiān)測設(shè)備來測量參與者持續(xù)睡眠的時間，被影響了的睡眠，不同狀態(tài)下的睡眠時長以及肢體動作。依靠這些記錄下的數(shù)據(jù)，參與者們完成了研究階段需要的睡眠日志。同時她們還完成了關(guān)于她們財政緊張情況，體質(zhì)指數(shù)，抑郁狀態(tài)，絕經(jīng)情況以及安眠藥服用情況的調(diào)查。
The study analysis was separated into two parts: the first analysis examined the association between relationship status and sleep habits and the second analysis examined the association between relationship transition and sleep habits. For the first analysis, the women were placed into two categories based on the reports from the most previous SWAN interview: if the women were married or living as married for the duration of SWAN, they were categorized as “married” and if the women were single, separated, divorced, or widowed they were categorized as “unmarried”. The results showed that unmarried women experienced more interrupted sleep than married women. However, after the information from the surveys were considered, the differences between married and unmarried women were insignificant; this means that the variation in sleep quality previously seen between the two groups was actually affected by those factors, not relationship status.
研究的分析分為兩個部分：首先分析檢驗感情狀態(tài)和睡眠習性的關(guān)系，然后分析感情變化和睡眠習性的關(guān)系。在第一組研究中，研究者通過最早“天鵝”的采訪報告把參與者分成兩類：如果在“天鵝”研究期間她們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚或同居那就被歸類于“已婚”；若她們未婚、分居、離婚或是寡婦則被歸類于“未婚”。研究結(jié)果表明未婚女性要比已婚女性受到更多的睡眠影響。然而在關(guān)于家庭財政等的調(diào)查結(jié)果被考慮進去后，已婚和未婚的區(qū)別就變得無關(guān)緊要了；也就是說之前觀測到兩組的睡眠質(zhì)量變化其實是受那些因素影響，而不是感情關(guān)系。
For the second analysis, the women were placed into four categories: women who were married during the entire duration of SWAN were categorized as “consistently married”, women who were single, separated, divorced, or widowed were categorized as “consistently unmarried”, women who started a relationship were categorized as “gained a partner”, and women who ended a relationship were categorized as “lost a partner”. The results showed that the “lost a partner” and “consistently unmarried” participants had significantly worse sleep quality than the” consistently married” participants.
另一組分析中女士們被歸于四類中：在整個“天鵝”研究中一直處結(jié)婚狀態(tài)的被歸為“始終已婚”，一直未婚、分居、離婚或寡居的女性被歸為“始終未婚”，期間開始和男性交往的歸為“得到伴侶”以及期間分手的女性歸為“失去伴侶”。研究表明“失去伴侶”和“始終未婚”參與者的睡眠質(zhì)量要比“始終已婚”差的多得多。
The results of Troxel’s study suggest relationship transition and quality influence sleep habits more than relationship status. In another study, happily married women showed less anxiety than single women and women in poor relationships, with the reasoning that a successful marriage encourages a sense of emotional and financial stability. Woman are purported to be more psychologically and physiologically affected by relationships than men. So, it is sufficient to say that single women and women in bad relationships experience poorer sleep due to the negative emotional effects of consistent or forthcoming instability. Of course, these effects do not have to turn into permanent conditions.
Troxel博士的研究結(jié)果顯示感情的變化以及質(zhì)量要比感情狀態(tài)（是否已婚）更能影響睡眠習性。在另一項研究中，幸福的已婚女性表現(xiàn)的不像單身或感情生活不順的女性那么的焦慮，以此推論出成功的婚姻建立和支撐能情感和經(jīng)濟上的穩(wěn)定。比起男性，女性從來就更容易從心理上及生理上受到愛情影響。所以我們完全可以說單身女性及感情受挫的女性睡眠質(zhì)量差是由于受到消極情緒或隨之而來的不穩(wěn)定因素影響。當然，這些影響不會演化成永久的環(huán)境因素。
If you are going through a divorce, separation, or previously widowed and suffer from poor sleep quality, see a doctor or counselor for possible remedies.
如果你正經(jīng)歷離婚、單身，或者剛失去丈夫并難以入睡。詢問醫(yī)生或者顧問有沒有緩解方式。
