當(dāng)一個(gè)人感到傷心時(shí)，通常會(huì)說(shuō)“我的心都碎了”。
雖然這只是一種比喻，人的心臟并不會(huì)因?yàn)楸瘋那榫w碎裂成片，但是卻可能出現(xiàn)“心碎綜合征”。
心碎綜合征也叫takotsubo心肌病，最開(kāi)始于1990年在日本被發(fā)現(xiàn)，可以導(dǎo)致快速逆向心肌無(wú)力。
Broken heart syndrome is a condition that can cause rapid and reversive heart muscle weakness, also known as takotsubo cardiomyopathy. It was first identified in 1990 in Japan.
“takotsubo”一詞來(lái)自于日本一種捕章魚的罐子，瓶頸窄，底座寬，有心碎綜合征的人左心室會(huì)腫脹起來(lái)，看起來(lái)和這種罐子的形狀一樣。
It is named for an octopus trap used for centuries in Japan, with a narrow neck and a relatively wide base that makes it easy for octopuses to enter but not leave.
Patients with the disease have an unusual swelling in the heart's left ventricle, giving the heart a similar appearance to the trap.
圖源：Heart Foundation
什么會(huì)導(dǎo)致“心碎”
情緒或身體上的壓力經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致心碎綜合征。但是，雖然大多數(shù)患有此綜合征的人會(huì)承受某種壓力，高達(dá)30%的患者在初始階段沒(méi)有可識(shí)別的觸發(fā)因素。
Two kinds of stress — emotional or physical — often cause broken heart syndrome. But while most people with this condition experience a stressful event, up to 30 percent of patients have no identifiable trigger at the time of their initial symptoms.
情緒上的壓力包括悲痛（grief），恐懼（fear），暴怒（extremely anger）以及驚喜（surprise）。PS：你以為的驚喜對(duì)別人來(lái)說(shuō)可能是驚嚇！
身體上的壓力來(lái)自于發(fā)高燒（high fever），中風(fēng)（stroke），癲癇發(fā)作（seizure），呼吸困難（difficulty in breathing），嚴(yán)重出血（significant bleeding）以及低血糖（low blood sugar）。
心碎綜合征的癥狀和心臟病的癥狀很相似，比如胸痛、呼吸困難、暈眩等。這些癥狀可能在情緒或身體壓力事件發(fā)生后幾分鐘或幾小時(shí)內(nèi)。
什么人容易“心碎”
據(jù)估算，英國(guó)每年有2500人患上心碎綜合征，這種綜合征還可能引發(fā)與心臟病并發(fā)癥類似的病癥。
Affecting an estimated 2,500 people in the UK each year, the syndrome also carries a risk of complications similar to that of an actual heart attack.
有人可能覺(jué)得自己每天壓力都很大，是不是有可能已經(jīng)得了心碎綜合征卻不自知？其實(shí)不然，這種綜合征來(lái)得快去得也快，如果你的癥狀是長(zhǎng)期的，“心碎”的幾率還是很小的。
Broken heart syndrome appears to be a condition that comes on suddenly and resolves quickly. If you are a person who frequently has symptoms of chest pain or shortness of breath when under significant stress, you should be evaluated by your doctor. If your symptoms are chronic, it is unlikely that you have broken heart syndrome.
一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，中年和老年女性被診斷患有心碎綜合征的頻率比年輕女性或任何年齡的男性要高10倍。
Middle-aged and older women are being diagnosed with broken heart syndrome more frequently – up to 10 times more often – than younger women or men of any age, a new study suggests.
The research also suggests that the rare condition has become more common, and the incidence has been rising steadily since well before the COVID-19 pandemic.
研究還表明，這種罕見(jiàn)的疾病已經(jīng)變得更普遍了，而且新冠疫情大暴發(fā)之前，發(fā)病率一直在穩(wěn)步上升。
心碎綜合征可能危及生命。在某些情況下，它可能導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的心肌無(wú)力從而導(dǎo)致充血性心力衰竭、低血壓、休克等。
好消息是如果患者接受良好的治療，癥狀會(huì)很快好轉(zhuǎn)。
The good news is that this condition can improve very quickly if patients are under the care of doctors familiar with the syndrome.
所以倒也不必過(guò)于擔(dān)心“心碎”，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)有長(zhǎng)期的類似癥狀及時(shí)就醫(yī)就好，重要的還是保持愉快輕松的心情。
編輯：焦?jié)?董靜
實(shí)習(xí)生：向靜雅
來(lái)源：中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)雙語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 衛(wèi)報(bào) 南華早報(bào) Hopkinsmedicine
聯(lián)系客服
